The following lists only preprints without a corresponding final revised paper.
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28 Mar 2025
Dense shelf-water and associated sediment transport in the Cap de Creus Canyon and adjacent shelf under mild winter regimes: insights from the 2021–2022 winter
Marta Arjona-Camas, Xavier Durrieu de Madron, François Bourrin, Helena Fos, Anna Sanchez-Vidal, and David Amblas
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1310, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1310, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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This study examines dense shelf-water and sediment transport in the Cap de Creus Canyon during the mild winter of 2021–2022, using multiplatform-observational data and the MedSea Reanalysis model. Results show dense shelf waters on the shelf and upper canyon, contributing to Western Intermediate Water. The canyon acts as a partial sink, with most dense water transport occurring along the coast. These events are expected to increase with climate change, favoring intermediate-water formation.
27 Mar 2025
Abrupt meteorological changes reverse thermohaline features in the skin layer
Lisa Gassen, Samuel Mintah Ayim, Leonie Jaeger, Jens Meyerjürgens, Mariana Ribas-Ribas, and Oliver Wurl
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1307, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1307, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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This study investigates how abrupt weather changes, such as shifts in air temperature, wind speed and precipitation, impact temperature and salinity in the ocean’s skin layer (upper first millimetre). Two events in the harbour of Bremerhaven and one event in the North Sea revealed that the skin layer reacts instantly, with temperature changes nearly 50 % greater than those at a depth of 100 cm, underscoring its key role in air-sea interactions and climate dynamics.
26 Mar 2025
Changes in Atlantic Water circulation in the central Arctic Ocean between 2011 and 2021 inferred from tracer observations
Anne-Marie Wefing, Annabel Payne, Marcel Scheiwiller, Christof Vockenhuber, Marcus Christl, Toste Tanhua, and Núria Casacuberta
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1322, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1322, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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Here we used the anthropogenic radionuclides I-129 and U-236 as tracers for Atlantic Water circulation in the Arctic Ocean. New data collected in 2021 allowed to assess the distribution of Atlantic Water and mixing with Pacific-origin water in the surface layer in that year. By using historical tracer data from 2011 to 2021, we looked into temporal changes of the circulation and found slightly older waters in the central Arctic Ocean in 2021 compared to 2015.
26 Mar 2025
Modeling water column gas transformation, migration and atmospheric flux from seafloor seepage
Knut Ola Dølven, Håvard Espenes, Alfred Hanssen, Muhammed Fatih Sert, Magnus Drivdal, Achim Randelhoff, and Bénédicte Ferré
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-998, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-998, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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We have modelled how gas seeping from the seafloor spreads in the ocean and how much reaches the atmosphere. We estimate how much free gas dissolves in water, atmospheric release and 3-D concentration using data from a hydrodynamic model and gas loss modules. We applied the framework to a methane (CH4) seep site offshore Norway showing that atmospheric CH4 release is spread over a large area. However, with our assumptions, most of the CH4 (>90 %) is converted to CO2 by microbes.
25 Mar 2025
Insights Into Mesoscale Eddy Dynamics: A Three-Dimensional Perspective on Potential Density Anomalies
Yan Barabinot, Sabrina Speich, and Xavier Carton
External preprint server, https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.170158288.87102456/v2, https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.170158288.87102456/v2, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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Mesoscale eddies, characterized by rotating currents, are ubiquitous in the ocean. However, their three-dimensional structure remains poorly observed and analyzed, with transport estimates often relying on approximations. To better quantify their shape, we propose a new theoretical framework based on geophysical fluid dynamics and apply it to field observations.
25 Mar 2025
A data-driven wind-to-current response function and application to Ocean surface current estimates
Clément Ubelmann, J. Thomas Farrar, Bertrand Chapron, Lucile Gaultier, Laura Gómez-Navarro, Marie-Hélène Rio, and Gérald Dibarboure
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1149, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1149, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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This study models wind-driven ocean currents using observed wind stress and an empirically estimated impulse response function based on drifting buoys. By convolving this function with wind forcing from ERA5, the estimates align well with independent observations across latitudes. Additionally, the response function serves as a valuable indicator of subsurface properties.
21 Mar 2025
Estimates of Atlantic meridional heat transport from spatiotemporal fusion of Argo, altimetry and gravimetry data
Francisco M. Calafat, Parvathi Vallivattathillam, and Eleanor Frajka-Williams
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1216, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1216, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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Understanding how heat moves through the ocean is crucial to predicting future climate change confidently. This requires accurate records of heat transport throughout the ocean, but these are challenging to obtain by direct ocean observation. Here, we combine in-situ and satellite-based observations to generate estimates of meridional heat transport for the period 2004–2020 at 3-month resolution across the Atlantic Ocean with improved accuracy compared to existing indirectly inferred estimates.
21 Mar 2025
Influence of wind stress and the Isonzo/Soča River outflow on surface currents in the Gulf of Trieste
Davide Lombardo, Sofia Flora, Fabio Giordano, Emanuele Ingrassia, Milena Menna, Stefano Querin, and Laura Ursella
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1176, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1176, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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This study analyses the extreme meteo-marine event October–November 2023 in the Gulf of Trieste, characterised by southerly strong winds, heavy rainfall, and high river discharge. Using HF radar data, wind records, and numerical models, we analysed the interactions between river discharge and wind-driven currents. Results show that strong river discharge can dominate coastal circulation and overlay the wind effects. This multi-platform approach provides valuable insights into ocean dynamics.
14 Mar 2025
Controls on dense water formation along the path of the North Atlantic subpolar gyre
Oliver John Tooth, Helen Louise Johnson, and Chris Wilson
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1132, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1132, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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The North Atlantic Subpolar Gyre (SPG) forms dense water as part of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. To explore the factors controlling dense water formation around the SPG, we trace the pathways of virtual water parcels in a high-resolution ocean model. We show that the amount of dense water formed around the SPG depends principally on the availability of light waters flowing northward, such that a stronger SPG circulation results in more dense water formation along-stream.
14 Mar 2025
Observed currents in the Archipelago Sea
Hedi Kanarik, Laura Tuomi, Pekka Alenius, Elina Miettunen, Milla Johansson, Tuomo Roine, Antti Westerlund, and Kimmo K. Kahma
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1101, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1101, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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The Archipelago Sea (AS), part of the Baltic Sea off the northwest coast of Finland, is a fragmented area with intense human activity. This study presents an overview of the observed currents and their main drivers in the area. While local winds primarily drive the AS currents, simultaneous sea level variations in the Bay of Bothnia and Gulf of Finland also significantly impact the area's dynamics.
10 Mar 2025
Diffusive and Adiabatic Meridional Overturning Circulations in the Cooling Abyss of the Indo-Pacific Ocean
Lei Han
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-989, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-989, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 2 comments)
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Deep ocean water movement has puzzled scientists, as recent observations show it sinking near the seafloor, contradicting expectations of it rising. Our study offers a new view, suggesting that while the sinking is relative to the density surfaces, the water still rise if considering the density surfaces are rising even faster. We used computer simulations to test these ideas for both warming and cooling conditions in the deep ocean.
07 Mar 2025
Assessing Subseasonal Forecast Skill for Use in Predicting US Coastal Inundation Risk
John R. Albers, Matthew Newman, Magdalena A. Balmaseda, William Sweet, Yan Wang, and Tongtong Xu
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-897, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-897, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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Providing early warning of coastal flooding is an emerging priority for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. We assess whether current operational forecast models can provide the basis for predicting the risks of higher than normal coastal sea level values up to six weeks in advance. For many United States coastal locations, models have sufficient prediction skill to be used as the basis for the development of a high tide flooding prediction system on subseasonal timescales.
04 Mar 2025
Multi-scale phytoplankton dynamics in a coastal system of the Eastern English Channel: the Boulogne-sur-Mer coastal area
Kévin Robache, Zéline Hubert, Clémentine Gallot, Alexandre Epinoux, Arnaud P. Louchart, Jean-Valéry Facq, Alain Lefebvre, Michel Répécaud, Vincent Cornille, Florine Verhaeghe, Yann Audinet, Laurent Brutier, François G. Schmitt, and Luis Felipe Artigas
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-836, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-836, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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By deploying an automated flow cytometer on a coastal monitoring station in France, we tracked phytoplankton changes every 2 hours during spring (2021, 2022) and summer (2022). Our study revealed distinct seasonal shifts, e.g., with diatoms and haptophytes in spring. Extreme weather events rapidly altered community composition. We found that most variability occurred on short timescales, underscoring the importance of high-frequency monitoring to understand marine phytoplankton dynamics.
27 Feb 2025
Salinity Trends and Mass Balances in the Mediterranean Sea: The Role of Air-Sea Freshwater Fluxes and Oceanic Exchange
Chao Liu, Xinfeng Liang, and Lisan Yu
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-857, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-857, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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We investigated what drives long-term changes in the Mediterranean Sea’s salt and water balance. We found that shifts in freshwater input from rainfall and evaporation, along with water exchange through the Strait of Gibraltar, control these variations. Our results show that changes in freshwater fluxes, rather than water exchange, have a stronger influence on long-term trends. Understanding these processes helps predict how the Mediterranean might respond to future climate change.
26 Feb 2025
Assessment of Ocean Bottom Pressure Variations in CMIP6 HighResMIP Simulations
Le Liu, Michael Schindelegger, Lara Börger, Judith Foth, and Junyang Gou
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-775, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-775, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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As seawater is moved about by the different types of ocean flow, the pressure at the ocean bottom changes with time and location. We show that such bottom pressure variations are represented reasonably well by high-resolution climate models and that in some regions, like the Arctic Ocean, the intensity of the pressure fluctuations will likely increase under global warming. These insights are useful for the design of future satellite missions that will track mass variations in the Earth system.
26 Feb 2025
Can satellite altimetry observe coastally trapped waves on sub-monthly timescales?
Marcello Passaro
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-809, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-809, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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This paper evaluates the capability of satellite altimetry to monitor coastally trapped waves in light of the latest advancements in daily gridded sea level data, including new interpolation schemes, an increased number of missions in orbit, and the incorporation of wide-swath altimetry measurements. The eastern Australian coast serves as a testbed, with validation provided by tide gauges and model data.
24 Feb 2025
On the reconstruction of ocean interior variables: a feasibility data-driven study with simulated surface and water column observations
Aina García-Espriu, Cristina González-Haro, and Fernando Aguilar-Gómez
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-705, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-705, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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Ocean measurements currently rely on buoys for depth data and satellites for surface observations. We investigated combining these using data-driven approaches to reconstruct full 4D ocean profiles. Using an ocean model as ground truth, we simulated satellite surface data and ARGO profiles and then applied machine learning to predict complete temperature and salinity profiles. Results showed accurate predictions that matched simulation data and captured seasonal patterns.
24 Feb 2025
Modelling river-sea continuum: the case of the Danube Delta
Christian Ferrarin, Debora Bellafiore, Alejandro Paladio Hernandez, Irina Dinu, and Adrian Stanica
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-606, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-606, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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We implemented a hydrodynamic model to the entire Danube Delta region consisting of the river network, coastal lagoons and part of the prodelta coastal sea. The model was applied to investigate the water distribution among the river branches, the dynamics of the coastal sea in front of the delta, the renewal capacity of the lagoons, the processes regulating the water exchange among the different water bodies and the potential impacts of lagoon-sea reconnection solutions.
21 Feb 2025
Surface saline lakes in the Mediterranean Sea
Elena Terzić, Clara Gardiol, and Ivica Vilibić
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-600, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-600, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 2 comments)
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Vertical salinity profiles with highest values at the surface layers – surface saline lakes – have been known to occur in the Eastern Mediterranean, where strong evaporation, warm summers and low winds all contribute to an increase in surface salinity. Our analysis of Argo data from the past 2 decades showed that saline lakes occur also in other regions across the Mediterranean Sea. This poses a question whether such changes indicate a salinification of the entire basin due to climate change.
21 Feb 2025
Drivers of high frequency extreme sea level around Northern Europe – Synergies between recurrent neural networks and Random Forest
Céline Heuzé, Linn Carlstedt, Lea Poropat, and Heather Reese
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-700, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-700, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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Extreme sea level kills and will worsen under climate change. In Northern Europe what drives these extreme events will not change so determining these drivers is of use for planning coastal defenses. Here, using two machine learning methods on hourly tide gauge and weather data at nine locations around the North Sea – Baltic, we determine that the driver of prolonged periods of high sea level is the westerly winds, whereas the drivers of the most extreme peaks depend on the coastline geometry.
21 Feb 2025
Assessing the sensitivity of storm surge simulation to the atmospheric forcing resolutions across the estuary-sea continuum
Ny Riana Randresihaja, Olivier Gourgue, Lauranne Alaerts, Xavier Fettweis, Jonathan Lambrechts, Miguel De Le Court, Marilaure Grégoire, and Emmanuel Hanert
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-634, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-634, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 2 comments)
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Coastal areas face rising flood threats as storms intensifies with climate change. With an advanced model of the Scheldt Estuary-North Sea, we studied how detailed atmospheric data must be to predict storm surge peaks in estuaries. We found that high-resolution atmospheric data gives the best results, and coarser data with same resolution as current global climate models give poorer results. We show that investing in localized, high-resolution atmospheric data can significantly improve results.
21 Feb 2025
Sargassum accumulation and transport by mesoscale eddies
Rosmery Sosa-Gutierrez, Julien Jouanno, and Leo Berline
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-514, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-514, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: final response, 2 comments)
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Since 2010, pelagic Sargassum blooms have increased in several tropical Atlantic regions, causing socioeconomic and ecosystem impacts. Offshore the structuration of Sargassum by the mesoscale dynamics may influence transport and growth. Sargassum, stays afloat, constantly interacting with currents, waves, winds, and mesoscale eddies. We find that anticyclonic and cyclonic effectively trap Sargassum throughout their propagation, with a greater tendency for cyclones to accumulate Sargassum.
21 Feb 2025
The North Atlantic mean state in eddy-resolving coupled models: a multimodel study
Amanda Frigola, Eneko Martin-Martinez, Eduardo Moreno-Chamarro, Margarida Samsó, Saskia Loosvelt-Tomas, Pierre-Antoine Bretonnière, Daria Kuznetsova, Xia Lin, and Pablo Ortega
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-547, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-547, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 1 comment)
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We examine the performance of coupled climate models at unprecedented resolutions, capable of resolving ocean eddies in extensive areas of the North Atlantic. Eddy-resolving models present more realistic density profiles and stronger deep water convection in the subpolar North Atlantic. The strength and structure of the Gulf Stream, North Atlantic Current, and subpolar gyre are also improved at high resolution, and so is the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation.
18 Feb 2025
Mesoscale Dynamics and Transport in the North Brazil Current as revealed by the EUREC4A-OA experiment
Yan Barabinot, Sabrina Speich, Xavier Carton, Pierre L'Hégaret, Corentin Subirade, Rémi Laxenaire, and Johannes Karstensen
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-586, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-586, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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Mesoscale eddies are rotating oceanic currents key to ocean variability. Off Brazil’s northeast coast, the North Brazil Current generates in average 4.5 eddies per year, which drift towards the West Indies, transporting waters from the southern hemisphere. Using data collected at sea by the EUREC4A-OA cruise, this study reveals that deep eddies transport five times more water than surface ones, reshaping our understanding of the regional water transport.
18 Feb 2025
Enhancing coastal winds and surface ocean currents with deep learning for short-term wave forecasting
Manuel García-León, José María García-Valdecasas, Lotfi Aouf, Alice Dalphinet, Juan Asensio, Stefania Angela Ciliberti, Breogán Gómez, Víctor Aquino, Roland Aznar, and Marcos Sotillo
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-657, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-657, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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Accurate short-term wave forecasts are key for coastal activities. These forecasts rely on wind and currents as forcing, which in this work were both enhanced using neural networks (NNs) trained with satellite and radar data. Tested at three European sites, the NN-corrected winds were 35 % more accurate, and currents also improved. This led to improved IBI wave model predictions of wave height and period by 10 % and 17 %, respectively; even correcting under extreme events.
18 Feb 2025
Cross-canyon variability in zooplankton backscattering strength in a river-influenced upwelling area
Macarena Díaz-Astudillo, Manuel Castillo, Pedro A. Figueroa, Leonardo R. Castro, Ramiro Riquelme-Bugueño, Iván Pérez-Santos, Oscar Pizarro, and Gonzalo S. Saldías
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-417, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-417, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 2 comments)
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Submarine canyons are known hotspots of marine productivity and biodiversity, but we don’t fully understand why. We studied a submarine canyon located in central Chile and found that it’s a highly dynamic environment in both space and time. We think that the alternating currents and the contrasting distribution of zooplankton within the canyon might interact to promote zooplankton retention. Our results help to explain why submarine canyons host such high zooplankton diversity and abundance.
17 Feb 2025
An Atlantic wide assessment of marine heatwaves beyond the surface in an eddy-rich ocean model
Tobias Schulzki, Franziska U. Schwarzkopf, and Arne Biastoch
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-571, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-571, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 1 comment)
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Exceptionally high ocean temperatures can cause long-lasting damage to marine ecosystems. Most existing knowledge about such temperature extremes is focused on near-surface waters, yet ecosystems also thrive at greater depths. In this study, we present a comprehensive analysis of temperature extremes across the entire Atlantic Ocean, from the surface to the seafloor. Our findings underscore the importance of the ocean circulation in driving extreme temperature events.
14 Feb 2025
Seasonality of meridional overturning in the subpolar North Atlantic: implications for relying on the streamfunction maximum as a metric of AMOC slowdown
Alan D. Fox, Neil J. Fraser, and Stuart A. Cunningham
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-616, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-616, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 1 comment)
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Understanding seasonality of the overturning circulation is important for mitigating the impacts of AMOC changes on European weather and climate. We examine the seasonal cycle in various common measures of overturning and find each to be dominated by different processes, not necessarily reflective of the processes driving overturning. We advocate for the use of a density flux measure as a valuable addition to AMOC monitoring.
13 Feb 2025
Leading Dynamical Processes of Global Marine Heatwaves
Jacopo Sala, Donata Giglio, Antonietta Capotondi, Thea Sukianto, and Mikael Kuusela
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-548, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-548, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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Marine heatwaves (MHWs) are extreme ocean warming events that can harm marine life, but their causes are not fully understood. We studied MHWs worldwide using ocean observations, satellite data, and a high-quality ocean model. Our results show that changes in the atmosphere are the main cause of these events, though ocean currents play a key role in some regions. Understanding MHWs better will help predict them and support efforts to protect marine ecosystems and coastal communities.
13 Feb 2025
Enhancement of near-inertial waves by cyclonic eddy in the northwestern South China Sea during spring 2022
Qi'an Chen, Hongzhou Xu, Dongxiao Wang, Bo Hong, Chunlei Liu, Zheyang Zhang, Huichang Jiang, Wei Song, Tong Long, Ling Wang, Sumin Liu, and Rongjie Chen
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-283, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-283, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 2 comments)
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NIWs have horizontal spatial scales of 10–100 km and slow group velocities, making them to interact strongly with mesoscale eddies. In the northwestern SCS, large portion of eddy propagate westward and may interact with local NIWs. In this study, four moorings were deployed in this area and they captured a vivid case of interaction between a cyclonic eddy and NIWs. Our paper provides direct evidence of strong interaction between eddy and NIWs in the northwestern SCS.
12 Feb 2025
On Mode Water formation and erosion in the Arabian Sea: Forcing mechanisms, regionality, and seasonality
Estel Font, Sebastiaan Swart, Puthenveettil Narayana Vinayachandran, and Bastien Y. Queste
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-468, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-468, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 3 comments)
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Mode water is formed annually and sits between the warm surface water and deeper older waters. In the Arabian Sea, it plays a crucial role in regulating ocean heat and oxygen variability by acting as a doorway between the surface and deeper waters. Using observations and models, we show its formation is primarily driven by atmospheric forcing, though ocean currents, eddies, and biological heating also influence its life cycle. This water mass contributes up to 30% to the region's oxygen content.
12 Feb 2025
Merging of a mesoscale eddy into the Lofoten Vortex in the Norwegian Sea captured by an ocean glider and SWOT observations
Gillian Mary Damerell, Anthony Bosse, and Ilker Fer
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-433, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-433, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 2 comments)
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The Lofoten Vortex is an unusual feature in the ocean: a permanent eddy which doesn’t dissipate as most eddies do. We have long thought that other eddies must merge into the Vortex in order to maintain its heat content and energetics, but such mergers are very difficult to observe due to their transient, unpredictable nature. For the first time, we have observed a merger using an ocean glider and high resolution satellite data and can document how the merger affects the properties of the Vortex.
10 Feb 2025
A novel multispecies approach for the detection of ecosystem regime shifts – a case study in the North Sea
Paul Dees, Friederike Fröb, Beatriz Arellano-Nava, David G. Johns, and Christoph Heinze
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-470, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-470, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 1 comment)
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In this paper we describe a novel methodology to automate the estimation of ecological regime shift probability in a single time series. We have applied this new methodology to the continuous plankton recorder dataset in the North Sea, and shown how the model is able to estimate the likelihood of a regime shift using abundance data of multiple phytoplankton and zooplankton species.
10 Feb 2025
Observational-based quantification of physical processes that impact the evolution of global mean sea level
Sjoerd Groeskamp
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-396, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-396, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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It is possible to close the sea level rise budget, but we can’t estimate the underlying processes, such as ocean mixing or how sunlight penetrates into the deep ocean. This study estimates the size of these processes and how well we know them. It turns out we don’t know them very well, or how they will change in the future. This should worry us and we need to do more ocean observations to improve our understanding how these processes will change and impact future sea level rise.
05 Feb 2025
Satellite altimetry and operational oceanography: from Jason-1 to SWOT
Pierre-Yves Le Traon, Gerald Dibarboure, Jean-Michel Lellouche, Marie-Isabelle Pujol, Mounir Benkiran, Marie Drevillon, Yann Drillet, Yannice Faugere, and Elisabeth Remy
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-356, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-356, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 3 comments)
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By providing all weather, global and real time observations of sea level, a key variable to constrain ocean analysis and forecasting systems, satellite altimetry has had a profound impact on the development of operational oceanography. The paper provides an overview of the development and evolution of satellite altimetry and operational oceanography over the past 20 years from the launch of Jason-1 in 2001 to the launch of SWOT in 2022.
04 Feb 2025
Flow Structure and Mixing Near a Small River Plume Front: Winyah Bay, SC, USA
Christopher Papageorgiou, George Voulgaris, Alexander Yankovsky, and Diane B. Fribance
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-189, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-189, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 1 comment)
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This study contributes to our understanding of how riverine water entering the ocean interacts with oceanic salty water and how these masses mix. High resolution field observations of water properties, flow, and turbulence collected over a period of ~ 4 h are presented. Flow turbulence is responsible for water mixing near the bed and close the sea surface, but within the freshly discharged waters the mixing efficiency of turbulence is minimal.
28 Jan 2025
The Historical Representation and Near Future (2050) Projections of the Coral Sea Current System in CMIP6 HighResMIP
Jodie Anne Schlaefer, Clothilde Langlais, Severine Marie Choukroun, Mathieu Mongin, and Mark E. Baird
External preprint server, https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.173282297.70109457/v1, https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.173282297.70109457/v1, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: final response, 5 comments)
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We studied how the Coral Sea and South Equatorial Current may change with climate change using high resolution models. At 1.5 °C and 2 °C global warming, the Coral Sea surface was projected to warm by 0.78 °C and 1.12 °C, respectfully. Temperature increases were simulated down to 400 m. The extra heat could further stress ecosystems. Two of the South Equatorial Current jets were projected to decrease in strength and one increased, which could affect the circulation features they feed.
28 Jan 2025
Mesoscale dynamics of an intrathermocline eddy in the Canary Eddy Corridor
Luis P. Valencia, Ángel Rodríguez-Santana, Borja Aguiar-Gonzaléz, Javier Arístegui, Xosé A. Álvarez-Salgado, Josep Coca, and Antonio Martínez-Marrero
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-99, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-99, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: final response, 5 comments)
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Our study investigates a rotating body of water south of the Canary Islands, known as an intrathermocline eddy. With an isolated core below the surface, it displayed unique energy distribution and structure. It intensified through interactions with productive coastal waters, while its year-long life cycle was regulated by nearby eddy interactions. By transporting coastal waters offshore, it influenced regional circulation, emphasizing the need for more studies on such eddies.
28 Jan 2025
Indications of improved seasonal sea level forecasts for the United States Gulf and East Coasts using ocean-dynamic persistence
Xue Feng, Matthew J. Widlansky, Tong Lee, Ou Wang, Magdalena A. Balmaseda, Hao Zuo, Gregory Dusek, William Sweet, and Malte F. Stuecker
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-98, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-98, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: final response, 4 comments)
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Forecasting sea level changes months in advance along the Gulf and East Coasts of the United States is challenging. Here, we present a method that uses past ocean states to forecast future sea levels, while assuming no knowledge of how the atmosphere will evolve other than its typical annual cycle near the ocean’s surface. Our findings indicate that this method improves sea level outlooks for many locations along the Gulf and East Coasts, especially south of Cape Hatteras.
27 Jan 2025
Tracing suspended sediment fluxes using a glider: observations in a tidal shelf environment
Sabrina Homrani, Orens Pasqueron de Fommervault, Mathieu Gentil, Frédéric Jourdin, Xavier Durieu de Madron, and François Bourrin
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-4072, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-4072, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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This article demonstrates that gliders equipped with current profilers and optical turbidity sensors are able to measure, with an acceptable accuracy of round 33 % (median of relative errors), the transport fluxes of suspended particulate matter flowing through the water column, in a tidal shelf sea (providing calibration of turbidity sensors). These results highlight the potential of gliders for quantifying sediment fluxes and advancing our understanding of coastal hydro-sedimentary processes.
27 Jan 2025
Characterization of Northwest African Coastal Upwelling Systems
Dametoti Yamoula, Ifeoluwa Adebowale Balogun, and Bamol Ali Sow
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-4175, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-4175, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: final response, 2 comments)
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The Senegal-Mauritania upwelling is strongly influenced by ENSO events, while the Gulf of Guinea is strongly influenced by Atlantic Nino and exhibits a decoupling of upwelling from local winds. These findings highlight the complex interactions shaping coastal upwelling dynamics, with potential for improved predictability.
24 Jan 2025
Regional modeling of internal-tide dynamics around New Caledonia. Part 2: Tidal incoherence and implications for sea surface height observability
Arne Bendinger, Sophie Cravatte, Lionel Gourdeau, Clément Vic, and Florent Lyard
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-95, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-95, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: final response, 2 comments)
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Temporal variability of the semidiurnal internal tide around New Caledonia is investigated using regional modeling. An important contribution to temporal variability not linked to the astronomically-forced spring-neap cycle is due to the presence of mesoscale eddies, both at the generation sites and in propagation direction. The incoherent tide has a widespread signature in sea surface height (SSH) challenging the SSH observability of mesoscale to submesoscale dynamics.
24 Jan 2025
Determining the depth and pumping speed of the equatorial Ekman layer from surface drifter trajectories
Nathan Paldor and Yair De-Leon
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-89, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-89, 2025
Revised manuscript under review for OS (discussion: final response, 4 comments)
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The study combines archived surface drifter trajectories along the equator with a novel extension of Ekman's wind-driven theory to the equatorial β-plane to estimate the depth the equatorial Ekman layer and the speed of upwelling into it.
24 Jan 2025
Statistical analysis of ocean currents in the Eastern Mediterranean
Yosef Ashkenazy, Hezi Gildor, and Aviv Solodoch
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-53, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-53, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 2 comments)
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We studied ocean currents in the Eastern Mediterranean near Israel's coast (2016–2024) across depths up to 1.3 km. The Generalized Gamma distribution best matched current speed data. The speed increments time series fit a stretched exponential distribution better than a normal distribution. Comparisons with high-resolution and regional general circulation models showed discrepancies, highlighting the need to refine the models for better extreme current speed event predictions.
23 Jan 2025
Drivers of the spatiotemporal distribution of dissolved nitrous oxide and air-sea exchange in a coastal Mediterranean area
Susana Flecha, Mercedes de la Paz, Fiz Fernández Pérez, Núria Marbà, Carlos Morell, Eva Alou-Font, Joaquín Tintoré, and Iris E. Hendriks
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-4166, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-4166, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: final response, 2 comments)
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Nitrous oxide (N2O), a potent greenhouse gas, remains understudied in coastal areas despite its role in global emissions. This study measured N2O levels and air-sea fluxes in the Balearic coast (Mediterranean Sea) from 2018 to 2023. N2O concentrations showed slight variation across sites, with all areas acting as weak sources of N2O. Temperature emerged as the main factor driving seasonal changes. These insights help refine our understanding of coastal contributions to global N2O emissions.
23 Jan 2025
Process-based modelling of nonharmonic internal tides using adjoint, statistical, and stochastic approaches. Part I: statistical model and analysis of observational data
Kenji Shimizu
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-4192, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-4192, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: final response, 3 comments)
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This paper demonstrates the importance of viewing internal tides (internal waves at tidal frequencies) as the sum of many random waves, because statistical principles introduce characteristics that do not exist for the sum of a few random waves. This view leads us to the existence of a universal probability distribution for internal tides, which can be used for scientific and engineering purposes in the future, as is the case of surface waves.
23 Jan 2025
Process-based modelling of nonharmonic internal tides using adjoint, statistical, and stochastic approaches. Part II: adjoint frequency response analysis, stochastic models, and synthesis
Kenji Shimizu
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-4193, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-4193, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: final response, 2 comments)
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This study develops a new model suite for the random component of internal tides (internal waves at tidal frequencies). Its example application shows that important parameters for the randomization are the magnitude and correlation length of phase-speed variability, and directional dependence of the phase correlation. The model suite provides a new tool for investigating process and/or parameter dependence of observed random internal tides, and for identifying their important sources.
22 Jan 2025
Tracking Marine Heatwaves in the Balearic Sea: Temperature Trends and the Role of Detection Methods
Blanca Fernández-Álvarez, Bàrbara Barceló-Llull, and Ananda Pascual
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-4065, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-4065, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 1 comment)
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Marine heatwaves (MHWs) standard detection method uses a fixed baseline, showing rising MHW frequency and intensity due to global warming, eventually reaching saturation. To address this, alternative approaches separate long-term warming from extreme events. Here we compare two in the Balearic Sea: moving baseline and detrending data. We found a warming trend of 0.036 °C/year, with major MHWs in 2003 and 2022 identified by all methods. Only the fixed baseline shows rising MHW frequency.
15 Jan 2025
Forcing-dependent submesoscale variability and subduction in a coastal sea area (Gulf of Finland, Baltic Sea)
Kai Salm, Germo Väli, Taavi Liblik, and Urmas Lips
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-4082, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-4082, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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We show that forcing-dependent presence of submesoscale processes is detected by glider observations and high-resolution numerical simulation. Peak of submesoscale variations was observed at the base of the upper mixed layer in spring and in the thermocline in summer. Coastal upwellings and topography-related instabilities of frontal currents were the likely drivers of submesoscale processes and subduction that transport surface waters and tracers below the thermocline.
15 Jan 2025
The global ocean mixed layer depth derived from an energy approach
Efraín Moreles, Emmanuel Romero, Karina Ramos-Musalem, and Leonardo Tenorio-Fernandez
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-4079, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-4079, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: final response, 3 comments)
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The surface mixed layer depth (MLD), where ocean properties are uniform, is key to ocean-atmosphere interactions and ocean dynamics. We propose an energy-based method that defines the MLD using a constant value of buoyancy work that accurately captures the upper ocean's well-mixed layer. This approach is globally and temporally consistent and reliable, improving MLD estimates, aiding ocean model validation, and advancing studies of ocean heat content and vertical exchanges.
15 Jan 2025
Regional sea level budget over 2004–2022
Marie Bouih, Anne Barnoud, Chunxue Yang, Andrea Storto, Alejandro Blazquez, William Llovel, Robin Fraudeau, and Anny Cazenave
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3945, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3945, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: final response, 3 comments)
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Present-day sea level rise is not uniform regionally. For better understanding of regional sea level variations, a classical approach is to compare the observed sea level trend patterns with those of the sum of the contributions. If the regional sea level budget is not closed, this allows to detect errors in the observing systems. Our study based on this approach shows the the budget is not closed in the North Atlantic Ocean and identifies as main suspect, errors in Argo-based salinity data.
10 Jan 2025
Catalogue of floods recorded at tide-gauge station Bakar in the northeastern Adriatic Sea (Mediterranean)
Iva Međugorac, Karla Jambrošić, Domagoj Dolički, Josipa Kuzmić, Jadranka Šepić, Iva Vrkić Seidl, and Goran Gašparac
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-4044, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-4044, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 1 comment)
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Flooding caused by storm surges in the Adriatic Sea has become increasingly frequent. To better understand this trend, we compiled a catalogue that documents 27 major floods and gives an analysis of each event with respect to governing processes and coastal impacts. The analysis is based on ERA5 data and hourly sea levels recorded at Croatia’s oldest tide-gauge station Bakar, in the period between 1929 and 2022.
09 Jan 2025
Phytoplankton detection study through hyperspectral signals in Patagonian Fjords
Pilar Aparicio-Rizzo, Dagoberto Poblete-Cballero, Cristian Vera-Bastidas, Iván Pérez-Santos, and Daniel Varela
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3951, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3951, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: final response, 3 comments)
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This work combines hyperspectral sensors and unmanned aerial vehicles to detect and differentiate microalgal species from optical data on Patagonia fjords at local scale. The results show differences between in situ hyperspectral signals, especially at blue, green, and red to near-infrared spectra, distinguishing between diatoms and dinoflagellates species. These tools are mainly useful in coastal areas where the cloudiness and geographic heterogeneity make satellite data acquisition difficult.
09 Jan 2025
Marine Heatwaves in the Mediterranean Sea: A Convolutional Neural Network study for extreme event prediction
Antonios Parasyris, Vassiliki Metheniti, Nikolaos Kampanis, and Sofia Darmaraki
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-4003, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-4003, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: final response, 3 comments)
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The Mediterranean faces more frequent and intense Marine Heatwaves, harming ecosystems and fisheries. Using Machine Learning, we developed a model to forecast these events up to seven days in the future, outperforming traditional methods. This approach enables faster, accurate forecasts, helping authorities mitigate impacts and protect marine resources.
07 Jan 2025
M2 Monthly and annual mode 1 and mode 2 internal tide atlases from altimetry data and MIOST: focus on the Indo-Philippine Archipelago and the region off the Amazon shelf
Michel Tchilibou, Simon Barbot, Loren Carrere, Ariane Koch-Larrouy, Gérald Dibarboure, and Clément Ubelmann
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3947, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3947, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: final response, 2 comments)
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This study presents the annual and monthly MIOST (MIOST24) internal tide atlases for the Indo-Philippine archipelago and the region off the Amazon shelf. Derived from 25 years of altimetry data and an updated wavelength database, the atlases reveal significant monthly variability of internal tides in both regions. The new atlas improves the correction of internal tides in altimetry data and outperforms MIOST 2022 and HRET existing atlases, thus supporting the development of a global atlas.
07 Jan 2025
Combining BGC-Argo floats and satellite observations for water column estimations of particulate backscattering coefficient
Jorge García-Jimenez, Ana Belén Ruescas, Julia Amorós-López, and Raphaëlle Sauzède
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3942, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3942, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: final response, 4 comments)
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Estimating Particulate Organic Carbon (POC) relies on proxies like the particulate backscattering coefficient (bbp) derived from BioGeoChemical-Argo (BGC-Argo) floats and satellite data. BGC-Argo floats provide global insights into vertical bio-optical dynamics. This study integrates Sentinel-3 data and machine learning approaches to improve bbp estimates in the top 250 meters of the water column. Results are promising in stable global oceanic areas but less consistent in more dynamic regions.
06 Jan 2025
Mechanism of Delayed Storm Surge in Straits: Seiche-Induced Oscillations Triggered by Typhoon Passage
Shinichiro Ozaki, Yoshihiko Ide, and Masaru Yamashiro
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3876, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3876, 2025
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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Typhoons struck the northern coast of Kyushu Island, which faces the Tsushima Strait, the sea level rises approximately half a day after the typhoon passed. We elucidated mechanisms behind this event in the strait. Results showed that two types of seiches were triggered by potential energy release after the typhoon's passage. This study demonstrates that storm surges can occur even after a typhoon has passed and enhances understanding of storm surge characteristics in straits.
20 Dec 2024
Observations of near-inertial oscillations trapped at inclined front on continental shelf of the northwestern South China Sea
Junyi Li, Min Li, and Lingling Xie
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3909, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3909, 2024
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: final response, 3 comments)
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The mechanism analysis shows that the amplitude of near-inertial oscillations was modulated by the shoaling depth of the mix-layer induced by the inclined front, and trapped in the upper layer.
19 Dec 2024
Critical uncoupling between biogeochemical stocks and rates in Ross Sea springtime production-export dynamics
Meredith G. Meyer, Esther Portela, Walker O. Smith Jr., and Karen J. Heywood
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3830, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3830, 2024
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: final response, 2 comments)
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During the annual phytoplankton bloom, rates of primary production and carbon export in the Ross Sea, Antarctica are uncoupled from each other and from oxygen and carbon stocks. These biogeochemical rates support the high productivity, low export classification of the region and suggest that environmental factors influence these stocks and rates differently and make projections under future climate change scenarios difficult.
19 Dec 2024
Decoding pelagic ciliate (Protozoa, Ciliophora) community divergences in size spectrum, biodiversity and driving factors spanning global five temperature zones
Chaofeng Wang, Zhiqiang Xu, Guangfu Luo, Xiaoyu Wang, Yan He, Musheng Lan, Tiancheng Zhang, and Wuchang Zhang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3888, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3888, 2024
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 3 comments)
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Our study provides a comprehensive assessment of microzooplankton ciliate trait structure, focusing on size spectrum, biodiversity, and biotic-abiotic interplay based on 175 stations (1117 samples) across five temperature zones, which offered an ideal paradigm for study the plankton response to future climate change. The study is full fill the scope of the Ocean Science in the ocean's physical, biogeochemical and biological and ecosystem properties and processes.
17 Dec 2024
Extreme sensitivity of the northeastern Gulf of Lion (western Mediterranean) to subsurface heatwaves: Physical processes and devastating impacts on ecosystems in the summer of 2022
Claude Estournel, Tristan Estaque, Caroline Ulses, Quentin-Boris Barral, and Patrick Marsaleix
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3880, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3880, 2024
Revised manuscript under review for OS (discussion: final response, 4 comments)
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During the summer of 2022 in the eastern Gulf of Lion (NW Mediterranean), exceptionally warm temperatures were observed down to depths of 30 m, along with massive mortality of benthic species. It has been shown that these deep marine heatwaves are linked to south-easterly wind episodes, which induce deep plunges of surface water overheated by the atmospheric heatwave. These events are rare in summer, but their impact on ecosystems is dramatic and will only increase with climate change.
17 Dec 2024
Local versus farfield control on South Pacific Subantarctic mode water variability
Ciara Pimm, Andrew J. S. Meijers, Dani C. Jones, and Richard G. Williams
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3855, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3855, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for OS (discussion: final response, 6 comments)
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Co-editor-in-chief
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Subantarctic mode water in the South Pacific Ocean is important due to its role in the uptake and transport of anthropogenic heat and carbon. The Subantarctic mode water region can be split into two pools using mixed layer depth properties. Sensitivity experiments are used to understand the effects of heating and wind on each pool. It is found that the optimal conditions to form large amounts of Subantarctic mode water in the South Pacific are local cooling and upstream warming combined.
Co-editor-in-chief
This paper highlights a new implementation of density co-ordinate functionality within an adjoint ocean model, the MITgcm ECCO adjoint. This is illustrated accordingly with a science application investigating the variability of Subantarctic Mode Water. The use of adjoints helps to trace causal links within the ocean, and the density-following feature is of particular interest for the ocean community with many possible further applications.
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16 Dec 2024
The Southern Ocean Time Series: A climatological view of hydrography, biogeochemistry, phytoplankton community composition, and carbon export in the Subantarctic Zone
Elizabeth H. Shadwick, Cathryn A. Wynn-Edwards, Ruth S. Eriksen, Peter Jansen, Xiang Yang, Gemma Woodward, and Diana Davies
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3887, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3887, 2024
Revised manuscript under review for OS (discussion: final response, 4 comments)
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The Southern Ocean Time Series program acquires observations in Subantarctic waters south of Australia. We present the seasonality in hydrography, biogeochemistry, phytoplankton community composition and biodiversity, and carbon export to the deep-sea using observations collected between 1997 and 2022. We also review recent research underpinned by these observations and emphasise the value of long time series for understanding ocean processes and responses to a changing climate.
13 Dec 2024
Geostrophic circulation and tidal effects in the Gulf of Gabès
Maher Bouzaiene, Antonio Guarnieri, Damiano Delrosso, Ahmad F. Dilmahamod, Simona Simoncelli, and Claudia Fratianni
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3730, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3730, 2024
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: open, 2 comments)
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We analyze the geostrophic circulation and tidal effects in the Gulf of Gabès from 30 years of altimetry data (1993–2022) and the outputs of a high resolution ocean model for the year 2022.
12 Dec 2024
Seafloor marine heatwaves outpace surface events in future on the northwest European shelf
Robert J. Wilson, Yuri Artioli, Giovanni Galli, James Harle, Jason Holt, Ana M. Queiros, and Sarah Wakelin
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3810, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3810, 2024
Revised manuscript under review for OS (discussion: final response, 4 comments)
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Marine heatwaves are of growing concern around the world. We use a state of the art ensemble of downscaled climate models to project how often heatwaves will occur in future across northwest Europe under a high-emissions scenario. The projections show that without emissions reductions, heatwaves will occur more than half of the time in future. We show that the seafloor is expected to experience much more frequent heatwaves than the sea surface in future.
11 Dec 2024
Ocean circulation, sea ice, and productivity simulated in Jones Sound, Canadian Arctic Archipelago, between 2003–2016
Tyler Pelle, Paul G. Myers, Andrew Hamilton, Matthew Mazloff, Krista Soderlund, Lucas Beem, Donald D. Blankenship, Cyril Grima, Feras Habbal, Mark Skidmore, and Jamin S. Greenbaum
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3751, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3751, 2024
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: final response, 2 comments)
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Here, we develop and run a high resolution ocean model of Jones Sound from 2003–2016 and characterize circulation into, out of, and within the sound as well as associated sea ice and productivity cycles. Atmospheric and ocean warming drive sea ice decline, which enhance biological productivity due to the increased light availability. These results highlight the utility of high resolution models in simulating complex waterways and the need for sustained oceanographic measurements in the sound.
05 Dec 2024
Biogeochemical Layering and Transformation of Particulate Organic Carbon in the Tropical Northwestern Pacific Ocean Inferred from δ13C
Detong Tian, Xuegang Li, Jinming Song, Jun Ma, Huamao Yuan, and Liqin Duan
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3467, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3467, 2024
Revised manuscript under review for OS (discussion: final response, 6 comments)
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Particulate organic carbon plays a vital role in the ocean carbon cycle, yet its transformation involves complex processes that are not fully understood. This study examines the vertical distribution the stable carbon isotopes in the tropical Northwestern Pacific, identifying three distinct biogeochemical layers of POC transformation, which contribute to a deeper understanding of the ocean carbon cycle.
04 Dec 2024
Synoptic patterns associated with high-frequency sea level extremes in the Adriatic Sea
Krešimir Ruić, Jadranka Šepić, and Marin Vojković
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3711, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3711, 2024
Revised manuscript under review for OS (discussion: final response, 5 comments)
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This study investigates the synoptic weather patterns that cause extreme, high-frequency sea level oscillations in the Adriatic Sea. Using synoptic data from ERA5 reanalysis with 17 years of tide gauge data and advanced clustering techniques, we identify distinct weather patterns linked to these events, some of which have been unknow. These insights improve understanding of sea level variability and have potential applications in forecasting coastal hazards.
29 Nov 2024
Ventilation of the Bay of Bengal oxygen minimum zone by the Southwest Monsoon Current
Peter M. F. Sheehan, Benjamin G. M. Webber, Alejandra Sanchez-Franks, and Bastien Y. Queste
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3681, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3681, 2024
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: final response, 2 comments)
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Using measurements and computer models, we identify a large flux of oxygen within the Southwest Monsoon Current, which flows north into the Bay of Bengal between June and September each year. Oxygen levels in the Bay are very low, but not quite low enough for key nutrient cycles to be as dramatically altered as in other low-oxygen regions. We suggest that the flux we identify contributes to keeping oxygen levels in the Bay above the threshold below which dramatic changes would occur.
29 Nov 2024
Application of HIDRA2 Deep Learning Model for Sea Level Forecasting Along the Estonian Coast of the Baltic Sea
Amirhossein Barzandeh, Marko Rus, Matjaž Ličer, Ilja Maljutenko, Jüri Elken, Priidik Lagemaa, and Rivo Uiboupin
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3691, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3691, 2024
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: final response, 2 comments)
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We evaluated a deep-learning model, HIDRA2, for predicting sea levels along the Estonian coast and compared it to traditional numerical models. HIDRA2 performed better overall, offering faster forecasts and valuable uncertainty estimates using ensemble predictions.
26 Nov 2024
Relating North Atlantic Deep Water transport to ocean bottom pressure variations as a target for satellite gravimetry missions
Linus Shihora, Torge Martin, Anna Christina Hans, Rebecca Hummels, Michael Schindelegger, and Henryk Dobslaw
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3660, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3660, 2024
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: final response, 3 comments)
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The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is a major part of the ocean circulation. Satellite gravimetry missions, like GRACE, which measure changes in Earth's mass distribution, could help monitor changes in the AMOC by detecting variations in ocean bottom pressure. To help asses if future satellite missions could detect these changes, we use ocean model simulation data to assess their connection. Additionally, we create a synthetic dataset future satellite mission simulations.
26 Nov 2024
A global summary of seafloor topography influenced by internal-wave induced turbulent water mixing
Hans van Haren and Henk de Haas
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3603, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3603, 2024
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: final response, 4 comments)
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Turbulent water motions are important for the exchange of momentum, heat, nutrients, and suspended matter in the deep-sea. The shape of marine topography influences most water turbulence via breaking internal waves at ‘critically’ sloping seafloors. In this paper, the concept of critical slopes is revisited from a global internal wave-turbulence viewpoint using seafloor topography- and moored temperature sensor data. Potential robustness of the seafloor-internal wave interaction is discussed.
26 Nov 2024
Coupling ocean currents and waves for seamless cross-scale modeling during Medicane Ianos
Salvatore Causio, Seimur Shirinov, Ivan Federico, Giovanni De Cillis, Emanuela Clementi, Lorenzo Mentaschi, and Giovanni Coppini
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3517, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3517, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for OS (discussion: final response, 4 comments)
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This study examines how waves and ocean currents interact during severe weather, focusing on Medicane Ianos, one of the strongest storms in the Mediterranean. Using advanced modeling, we created a unique system to simulate these interactions, capturing effects like changes in water levels and wind impact on waves. We validated our approach with ideal tests and real data from the storm.
20 Nov 2024
Coastal circulation and eddies generation in the Southwest Mexican Pacific
Federico Angel Velázquez-Muñoz, Raúl Candelario Cruz-Gómez, and Cesar Monzon
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3403, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3403, 2024
Revised manuscript under review for OS (discussion: final response, 4 comments)
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We identify the Mexican Coastal Current interaction with coastline using sea level anomaly and derived geostrophic velocities, finding that an average width of 95 km and an average speed of 0.3 m/s width seasonal variability. Numerical modeling proves that interaction of coastal current with the coastline generates ocean eddies in some places that form a wide concavity. These eddies are formed while the current is present getting intense and detaching from the coast until the current weakens.
14 Nov 2024
Effect of double diffusion processes in the deep ocean on the distribution and dynamics of particulate and dissolved matter: a case study in Tyrrhenian Sea
Xavier Durrieu de Madron, Paul Blin, Mireille Pujo-Pay, Vincent Taillandier, and Pascal Conan
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3436, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3436, 2024
Revised manuscript under review for OS (discussion: final response, 8 comments)
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This study investigated the effects of salt fingering on particle and solute distribution in the Tyrrhenian Sea. Density interfaces associated with thermohaline staircases slow the settling of suspended particles and promote aggregation. This affects particle size distribution and creates nutrient and oxygen gradients, affecting microbial activity and nutrient cycling. The research highlights the potential role of salt fingers in deep ocean biogeochemical processes.
13 Nov 2024
Parameter Sensitivity Study of Energy Transfer Between Mesoscale Eddies and Wind-Induced Near-Inertial Oscillations
Yu Zhang, Jintao Gu, Shengli Chen, Jianyu Hu, Jinyu Sheng, and Jiuxing Xing
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3457, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3457, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for OS (discussion: final response, 4 comments)
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Current observations at two moorings in the northern South China Sea reveal that mesoscale eddies can transfer energy with near-inertial oscillations (NIOs). Numerical experiments are conducted to investigate important parameters affecting energy transfer between mesoscale eddies and NIOs, which demonstrate that the energy transferred by mesoscale eddies is larger with stronger winds and higher strength of the mesoscale eddy. Anticyclonic eddies can transfer more energy than cyclonic eddies.
13 Nov 2024
Stratification and overturning circulation are intertwined controls on ocean heat uptake efficiency in climate models
Linus Vogt, Jean-Baptiste Sallée, and Casimir de Lavergne
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3442, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3442, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for OS (discussion: final response, 4 comments)
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The ocean buffers human-caused climate change by taking up excess heat from the atmosphere. In this study, we use an ensemble of global climate models to study the physical processes which set the efficiency at which this heat is stored in the ocean. We reconcile previous attempts at explaining controls on this efficiency and find that Southern Ocean stratification is a key model property due to its influence on the local overturning circulation and its connection to the subpolar North Atlantic.
13 Nov 2024
Operational hydrodynamic service as a tool for coastal flood assessment
Xavier Sánchez-Artús, Vicente Gracia, Manuel Espino, Manel Grifoll, Gonzalo Simarro, Jorge Guillén, Marta González, and Agustín Sanchez-Arcilla
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3373, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3373, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for OS (discussion: final response, 5 comments)
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The study presents an operational service that forecasts flood impacts during extreme conditions at three beaches in Barcelona, Spain. The architecture is designed for efficient use on standard desktop computers, using data from the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service, task automation tools, Python scripts, and the XBeach model to deliver timely results. Extensive validation, including field campaigns and video analysis, ensures accuracy and reliability.
13 Nov 2024
Application of quality-controlled sea level height observation at the central East China Sea: Assessment of sea level rise
Taek-Bum Jeong, Yong Sun Kim, Hyeonsoo Cha, Kwang-Young Jeong, Mi-Jin Jang, Jin-Yong Jeong, and Jae-Ho Lee
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3380, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3380, 2024
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: final response, 2 comments)
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This study presents a new method to improve the accuracy of sea level height from the Ieodo Ocean Research Station in the East China Sea. The method helps identify data errors, such as repeated or unusual values, and flags extreme weather events. The analysis found that sea level rise are mostly due to ocean mass changes, with local ground subsidence also playing a role. This high-quality data supports research on short-term and long-term events, helping coastal monitoring and planning efforts.
07 Nov 2024
Coupling of numerical groundwater-ocean models to improve understanding of the coastal zone
Jiangyue Jin, Manuel Espino, Daniel Fernández, and Albert Folch
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3384, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3384, 2024
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: final response, 4 comments)
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Coastal zones are crucial ecological areas, yet our understanding of groundwater-ocean interactions remains limited. Ocean and groundwater models typically operate independently, with ocean models ignoring submarine groundwater discharge and groundwater models viewing the ocean as a static boundary. This separation impedes accurate simulations. By integrating these models, we can capture real-time water flow and salt movement while considering factors such as tides.
06 Nov 2024
Combining benzalkonium chloride addition with filtration to inhibit dissolved inorganic carbon alteration during the preservation of seawater in radiocarbon analysis
Hiroshi A. Takahashi and Masayo Minami
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3349, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3349, 2024
Revised manuscript under review for OS (discussion: final response, 4 comments)
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A combined procedure of benzalkonium chloride (BAC) addition and filtration was investigated to preserve water samples for radiocarbon analysis of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). The results indicated that DIC changes can be effectively suppressed during sample storage for up to 41 weeks. This procedure offers a practical, environmentally friendly alternative to conventional mercury-disinfected methods, effectively water sample preservation samples in aquatic environments.
06 Nov 2024
An assessment of the variability in temperature and salinity of the Baltic Sea from a simulation with data assimilation for the period 1990 to 2020
Ye Liu, Lars Axell, and Jun She
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3283, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3283, 2024
Revised manuscript under review for OS (discussion: final response, 11 comments)
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The temperature and salinity trends at various depths in the Baltic basins from 1990 to 2020 were analyzed from a reasonable reanalysis data set. Overall, the Baltic Sea showed a clear warming trend in recent decades, the northern Baltic Sea has a slight desalination trend, and the southern Baltic Sea has a salinity increase trend. The temperature and salinity trends in the southern Baltic Sea are greater than those in the northern Baltic Sea.
05 Nov 2024
Overlapping turbulent boundary layers in an energetic coastal sea
Arnaud F. Valcarcel, Craig L. Stevens, Joanne M. O'Callaghan, and Sutara H. Suanda
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3311, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3311, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for OS (discussion: final response, 4 comments)
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This paper describes results from an underwater robot (glider) deployment in the energetic waters of Te-Moana-o-Raukawa. The glider data showed how energy is transferred from winds and tides to turbulent processes. We found that boundary layers of strong turbulence typically can impact the water from surface to seafloor, except when pockets of fresher or warmer water move into the region. Numerical simulations showed that turbulent energy transport was crucial for boundary layers to interact.
04 Nov 2024
Mechanisms of the Overturning Circulation in the Northern Red Sea, more than Convective Mixing
Lina Eyouni, Zoi Kokkini, Nikolaos D. Zarokanellos, and Burton H. Jones
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3319, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3319, 2024
Revised manuscript under review for OS (discussion: final response, 5 comments)
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This study examines how multiple processes in the Northern Red Sea form the Red Sea Outflow Water and affect biogeochemical fluxes. Using glider data, wind and air-sea flux reanalysis, and satellite observations, it highlights seasonal evolution. Eddy-driven upwelling exposes cool water to heat loss and evaporation, fueling primary productivity. Circulation patterns block inflows, extend cooling, and subduct water into the ocean interior, influencing regional dynamics.
04 Nov 2024
Wind and wave effects on the dispersal of the Pearl River-derived sediment over the Shelf
Guang Zhang, Suan Hu, Xiaolong Yu, Heng Zhang, and Wenping Gong
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3289, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3289, 2024
Revised manuscript under review for OS (discussion: final response, 4 comments)
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This study explores how wind and wave dynamics affect the movement of riverine sediment to the ocean. Using advanced modeling, we found that most riverine sediment stays near the estuary in wet summer, with strong winter winds resuspending it for transport. Our findings highlight the significant impact of seasonal changes on sediment movement, which is crucial for understanding coastal ecosystems and managing sediment-related challenges.
28 Oct 2024
Turbulent erosion of a subducting intrusion in the Western Mediterranean Sea
Giovanni Testa, Mathieu Dever, Mara Freilich, Amala Mahadevan, T. M. Shaun Johnston, Lorenzo Pasculli, and Francesco M. Falcieri
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3294, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3294, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for OS (discussion: final response, 4 comments)
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In the Western Alboran Gyre, waters from the Atlantic and Mediterranean meet, creating density differences that cause some water to sink, affecting ocean ventilation and nutrient cycles. We collected data showing patches of water with higher oxygen and chlorophyll levels moving towards the gyre's center, with active mixing at their edges. This mixing diluted the patches, and other factors like water density and light penetration likely played a role in these dynamics.
25 Oct 2024
Refining Predictive Models for Sea Surface Currents: A Focus on Variable Configuration and Time Sequence Analysis
Ittaka Aldini, Adhistya Permanasari, Risanuri Hidayat, and Andri Ramdhani
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3142, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3142, 2024
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: final response, 9 comments)
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This study enhances the prediction of sea surface currents using HF radar data, addressing a gap in understanding how seasonal and monthly data segmentation affects accuracy. By applying RF Regression, we developed three prediction schemes that demonstrated larger datasets yield higher correlation coefficients, while tailored models reduce prediction errors. Key findings reveal that selecting the appropriate dataset and integrating moving averages significantly improves predictive performance.
23 Oct 2024
Marine carbon dynamics in a coral reef ecosystem of Southern Taiwan
Pei-Jie Meng, Chia-Ming Chang, Wen-Chen Chou, Hung-Yen Hsieh, Anderson B. Mayfield, and Chung-Chi Chen
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3273, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3273, 2024
Revised manuscript under review for OS (discussion: final response, 6 comments)
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This study measured pCO2 in Nanwan Bay, a coral reef ecosystem in Southern Taiwan, to identify the factors driving its variability. The results indicate that Nanwan Bay is a highly dynamic ecosystem, with notable spatial and seasonal changes in carbon exchange. Surface water carbon parameters in this biodiverse subtropical marine environment are influenced not only by seasonal temperature fluctuations but also by vertical mixing, intermittent upwelling, and biological processes.
22 Oct 2024
The satellite chlorophyll signature of Lagrangian eddy trapping varies regionally and seasonally within a subtropical gyre
Alexandra E. Jones-Kellett and Michael J. Follows
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3211, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3211, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for OS (discussion: final response, 6 comments)
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Co-editor-in-chief
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Eddies are rotating ocean currents up to hundreds of kilometers in diameter and phytoplankton are affected by their motions. We used satellites and simulations of currents to examine the effect of eddy trapping strength on phytoplankton concentration. Coherent eddies localize phytoplankton, whereas dispersive ones have lower concentrations because they mix with surrounding waters. However, we highlight the complex regional and seasonal variability of biological-physical interactions in eddies.
Co-editor-in-chief
This paper is of high quality, it exemplifies the complexity of detecting ocean eddies (eulerian versus lagrangian, importance of the code parameters of the regions considered), it acknowledges the fact that not all ocean eddies are the same (dynamically talking), and that their effect on plankton is complex. The method presented is well-described, powerful and would allow digging into these biophysical interactions in many different oceanographic settings. It shows that the common view following seminal papers by e.g. McGillicuddy and D. Chelton that consists of "cyclonic eddies -> isopycnals shaoling -> increase phytoplankton biomass" versus "anticyclonic eddies -> isopycnal deepening -> decreased phytoplankton biomass" is too simplistic and needed to be updated.
21 Oct 2024
Flow patterns, hotspots and connectivity of land-derived substances at the sea surface of Curaçao in the Southern Caribbean
Vesna Bertoncelj, Furu Mienis, Paolo Stocchi, and Erik van Sebille
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3112, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3112, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for OS (discussion: final response, 4 comments)
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This study explores ocean currents around Curaçao and how land-derived substances like pollutants and nutrients travel in the water. Most substances move northwest, following the main current, but at times, ocean eddies spread them in other directions. This movement may link polluted areas to pristine coral reefs, impacting marine ecosystems. Understanding these patterns helps inform conservation and pollution management around Curaçao.
21 Oct 2024
Intraseasonal variability of North Pacific Intermediate Water induced by mesoscale eddies
Ren Qiang, Yansong Liu, Feng Nan, Ran Wang, Xinyuan Diao, Fei Yu, Zifei Chen, Jianfeng Wang, and Xinchuan Liu
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3227, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3227, 2024
Revised manuscript under review for OS (discussion: final response, 7 comments)
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In this study, direct measurements from three moorings are utilized to reveal the intraseasonal variability of the North Pacific Intermediate Water in different regions for 60–80 days. It was found that the intraseasonal variation of NPIW is mainly caused by mesoscale eddies. Understanding these dynamics is critical for assessing the NPIW's response to climate change and its implications for the global carbon cycle and marine ecosystems.
18 Oct 2024
Quantification of Baltic Sea Water Budget components Using Dynamic Topography
Vahidreza Jahanmard, Artu Ellmann, and Nicole Delpeche-Ellmann
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3138, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3138, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for OS (discussion: final response, 4 comments)
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This study explores the utilization of dynamic topography (that refers to the geoid) to quantify some key components of the Baltic water budget: the dynamic volume of the Baltic Sea, river runoff, and the Baltic inflow/outflow are examined. The method and results show great potential for quantification, validation, and a better understanding of the dynamics of the Baltic Sea, especially with a changing climate.
14 Oct 2024
Monsoonal influence on floating marine litter pathways in the Bay of Bengal
Lianne C. Harrison, Jennifer A. Graham, Piyali Chowdhury, Tiago A. M. Silva, Danja P. Hoehn, Alakes Samanta, Kunal Chakraborty, Sudheer Joseph, T. M. Balakrishnan Nair, and T. Srinivasa Kumar
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3096, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3096, 2024
Revised manuscript under review for OS (discussion: final response, 4 comments)
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Particle tracking models allow us to explore pathways of floating marine litter, source-to-sink, between countries. This study showed the influence of seasonality for dispersal in Bay of Bengal and how ocean current forcing impacts model performance. Most litter beached on the country of origin, but there was a greater spread shown between countries during the post-monsoon period (Oct–Jan). Results will inform future model developments as well as management of marine litter in the region.
10 Oct 2024
Chlorophyll shading reduces zooplankton diel migration depth in a high-resolution physical biogeochemical model
Mathieu Antoine François Poupon, Laure Resplandy, Jessica Garwood, Charles Stock, Niki Zadeh, and Jessica Luo
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3058, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3058, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for OS (discussion: final response, 4 comments)
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Zooplankton diel vertical migration (DVM) shapes ocean biogeochemical cycles. We present a new DVM model that reproduces migration depths observed in the North Atlantic Ocean. We show that chlorophyll shading contributes to reducing zooplankton migration depth and mainly controls its spatial and temporal variability. Thus, high chlorophyll concentrations may limit carbon sequestration caused by zooplankton migration despite the general abundance of zooplankton migration in these environments.
09 Oct 2024
Ocean wave spectra bias correction through energy conservation for climate change impacts
Andrea Lira Loarca and Giovanni Besio
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2947, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2947, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for OS (discussion: final response, 6 comments)
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A new method improves the accuracy of climate models by adjusting wave spectra simulations in the Mediterranean Sea. It corrects biases and accounts for changes in wave patterns due to climate change, such as shifts in direction and frequency. This technique was applied to multiple climate models, assessing future wave conditions for mid and end-of-century scenarios. The results underline the importance of precise corrections to better predict how waves may evolve as the climate changes.
08 Oct 2024
Advances in Surface Water and Ocean Topography for Fine-Scale Eddy Identification from Altimeter Sea Surface Height Merging Maps
Xiaoya Zhang, Lei Liu, Jianfang Fei, Zhijin Li, Zexun Wei, Zhiwei Zhang, Xingliang Jiang, Zexin Dong, and Feng Xu
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2773, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2773, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for OS (discussion: final response, 7 comments)
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Our research evaluated the precision of mapping the ocean's surface with combined data from a couple of satellites, focusing on dynamic aspects revealed by sea level changes. Results show that 2DVAR, a new mapping product, aligns more closely and with less error with the most advanced satellite detailed observations than a widely used mapping product called AVISO. The results suggest that 2DVAR better detects minor ocean movements, making it more valuable and reliable for ocean dynamics study.
02 Oct 2024
Topographic modulation on the layered circulation in South China Sea
Qibang Tang, Zhongya Cai, and Zhiqiang Liu
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2995, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2995, 2024
Revised manuscript under review for OS (discussion: final response, 6 comments)
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The South China Sea is the largest semi-enclosed marginal sea in the western Pacific, features with unique layered circulation with rotating currents in its upper, middle, and deep layers. This study uses simulations to explore how stronger currents in the upper layer influence circulation across the entire basin. The vorticity analysis show that the enhanced upper currents increase the strength of middle and deep currents, driven by changes in bottom pressure and cross-slope movements.
02 Oct 2024
Enhanced resolution capability of SWOT sea surface height measurements and its application in monitoring ocean dynamics variability
Yong Wang, Shengjun Zhang, and Yongjun Jia
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3005, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3005, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for OS (discussion: final response, 6 comments)
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The present study explores the capabilities of four satellite missions in assessing the true resolution of the sea surface. A new weighted averaging method is introduced in the analysis of global sea surface height slope maps. The results show that SWOT significantly improves the accuracy and mesoscale resolution capability. Using the correlation method of mutual power spectra, we define a new parameter, ocean dynamics scale variability, and apply this parameter to the global ocean.
26 Sep 2024
Regime shift caused by accelerated density reorganization on the Weddell Sea continental shelf with high-resolution atmospheric forcing
Vanessa Teske, Ralph Timmermann, Cara Nissen, Rolf Zentek, Tido Semmler, and Günther Heinemann
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2873, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2873, 2024
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: final response, 5 comments)
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We investigate the structural changes the Antarctic Slope Front in the southern Weddell Sea experiences in a warming climate by conducting two ocean simulations driven by atmospheric data of different horizontal resolution. Cross-slope currents associated with a regime shift from a cold to a warm Filchner Trough on the continental shelf temporarily disturb the structure of the slope front and reduce its depth, but the primary reason for a regime shift is the cross-slope density gradient.
24 Sep 2024
An evaluation of the Arabian Sea Mini Warm Pool's advancement during its mature phase using a coupled atmosphere-ocean numerical model
Sankar Prasad Lahiri, Kumar Ravi Prakash, and Vimlesh Pant
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2848, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2848, 2024
Revised manuscript under review for OS (discussion: final response, 4 comments)
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The Arabian Sea mini warm pool matures in the southeastern Arabian Sea in May and the influence of the ocean and atmosphere on its formation is debated for the past two decades. Using a coupled numerical model, our study concludes that both the oceanic and atmospheric conditions are necessary for its genesis. For instance, in a robust Mini Warm Pool year, the pre-April ocean condition primarily influences its formation, which is further favored by the presence of a 'wind shadow zone.'
24 Sep 2024
Constraining local ocean dynamic sea level projections using observations
Dewi Le Bars, Iris Keizer, and Sybren Drijfhout
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2872, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2872, 2024
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: final response, 7 comments)
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While preparing a new set of sea level scenarios for the Netherlands, we found out that many climate models overestimate the changes in ocean circulation over the last 30 years. To quantify this effect, we defined three methods that rely on diverse and independent observations: tide gauges, satellite altimetry, temperature and salinity in the ocean, land ice melt, etc. Based on these observations, we select the best climate models to produce better sea level projections.
18 Sep 2024
Dissipation ratio and eddy diffusivity of turbulent and salt finger mixing derived from microstructure measurements
Jianing Li, Qingxuan Yang, and Hui Sun
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2749, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2749, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for OS (discussion: final response, 8 comments)
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Osborn relation is widely used to estimate diapycnal mixing rate, but its accuracy is questioned due to the assumed constant dissipation ratio (Γ) and without identifying mixing types. We identify salt finger and turbulence in the western Pacific and midlatitude Atlantic, and find Γ is highly variable and is related to turbulence-related parameters, by which we improve mixing rate estimates. Thus, identifying mixing types and refining Γ are necessary to improve mixing parameterization accuracy.
18 Sep 2024
An estimate of the eddy diffusivity tensor from observed and simulated Lagrangian trajectories in the Benguela Upwelling System
Ria Oelerich, Birte Gülk, Julia Dräger-Dietel, and Alexa Griesel
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2806, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2806, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for OS (discussion: final response, 8 comments)
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The study explores how unresolved motions in the Benguela upwelling region affect diffusivity estimates and the need for full diffusivity tensors in models. Using a scalar for lateral mixing can be inaccurate due to directional mixing. Analysis of buoys and simulations shows that diffusivity from particle pairs is lower than expected, and removing mean flow improves estimates. The study shows the importance of full diffusivity tensors for better model mixing and reducing warm biases in models.
30 Aug 2024
Turbulent dissipation from AMAZOMIX off the Amazon shelf along internal tides paths
Fabius Kouogang, Ariane Koch-Larrouy, Jorge Magalhaes, Alex Costa da Silva, Daphne Kerhervé, Arnaud Bertrand, Evan Cervelli, Jean-François Ternon, Pierre Rousselot, James Lee, Marcelo Rollnic, and Moacyr Araujo
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2548, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2548, 2024
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: final response, 6 comments)
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The first time direct measurements of turbulent dissipation from AMAZOMIX revealed high energy dissipations within [10-6,10-4] W.kg-1 caused at 65 % apart from internal tides in their generation zone, and [10-8,10-7] W.kg-1 caused at 50.4 % by mean circulation of surrounding water masses far fields. Finally, estimates of nutrient fluxes showed a very high flux of nitrate ([10-2, 10-0] mmol N m-2.s-1) and phosphate ([10-3, 10-1] mmol P m-2.s-1), due to both processes in Amazon region.
27 Aug 2024
Dual-tracer constraints on the Inverse-Gaussian Transit-time distribution improve the estimation of watermass ages and their temporal trends in the tropical thermocline
Haichao Guo, Wolfgang Koeve, Andreas Oschlies, Yan-Chun He, Tronje Peer Kemena, Lennart Gerke, and Iris Kriest
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2552, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2552, 2024
Revised manuscript under review for OS (discussion: final response, 7 comments)
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We evaluated the effectiveness of the Inverse Gaussian Transit Time Distribution (IG-TTD) in estimating the mean state and temporal changes of seawater age, defined as the duration since water last contact with atmosphere, within the tropical thermocline. Results suggest IG-TTD underestimates seawater age. Besides, IG-TTD constrained by a single tracer gives spurious trends of water age. Incorporating an additional tracer improves IG-TTD's accuracy in estimating temporal change of seawater age.
06 Aug 2024
Subsurface manifestation of Marine Heatwaves in the South West Indian Ocean
Clea Baker Welch, Neil Malan, Daneeja Mawren, Tamaryn Morris, Janet Sprintall, and Juliet Clair Hermes
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2210, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2210, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for OS (discussion: final response, 6 comments)
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Co-editor-in-chief
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Marine heatwaves (MHWs) are prolonged periods of extreme ocean temperatures with significant impacts on marine ecosystems. Much research has focused on surface MHWs, but less is known about their subsurface extent. This study uses satellite and in situ data to investigate MHWs in the Southwest Indian Ocean (SWIO). We find that MHWs in the SWIO are typically moderate in severity, closely linked to mesoscale eddies, and that strong temperature anomalies extend below surface-identified MHWs.
Co-editor-in-chief
Marine heatwaves are of particular interest globally currently, both scientifically and for their impact on communities. While much work has been done on surface expressions of marine heatwaves, their subsurface expressions have been less well studied. This is particularly the case in the Southwest Indian Ocean. This region is climatically important and the ecological impacts of marine heatwaves (both surface and subsurface) in this area could be significant, with consequential negative socio-economic outcomes.
03 Jul 2024
Effect of nonlinear tide-surge interaction in the Pearl River Estuary during Typhoon Nida (2016)
Linxu Huang, Tianyu Zhang, Shouwen Zhang, and Hui Wang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1940, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1940, 2024
Revised manuscript under review for OS (discussion: final response, 4 comments)
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This study utilized a hydrodynamic model to explore the complex dynamics between storm surges and tides, the result shows that the nonlinear effect is mainly generated by local acceleration and convection while it is predominantly governed by wind stress and bottom friction in shallow water regions. By adjusting typhoon landfall times, we demonstrated that the contribution ratio of each nonlinear term changes little, their magnitudes fluctuate depending on the timing of landfall.
20 Jun 2024
Marine data assimilation in the UK: the past, the present and the vision for the future
Jozef Skakala, David Ford, Keith Haines, Amos Lawless, Matthew Martin, Philip Browne, Marcin Chrust, Stefano Ciavatta, Alison Fowler, Daniel Lea, Matthew Palmer, Andrea Rochner, Jennifer Waters, Hao Zuo, Mike Bell, Davi Carneiro, Yumeng Chen, Susan Kay, Dale Partridge, Martin Price, Richard Renshaw, Georgy Shapiro, and James While
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1737, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1737, 2024
Revised manuscript under review for OS (discussion: final response, 5 comments)
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In this paper we review marine data assimilation (MDA) in the UK, its stakeholders, needs, past and present developments in different areas of UK MDA, and offer a vision for their longer future. The specific areas covered are ocean physics and sea ice, marine biogeochemistry, coupled MDA, MDA informing observing network design and MDA theory. We also discuss future vision for MDA resources: observations, software, hardware and people skills.
30 May 2024
AdriE: a high-resolution ocean model ensemble for the Adriatic Sea under severe climate change conditions
Davide Bonaldo, Sandro Carniel, Renato R. Colucci, Cléa Denamiel, Petra Pranic, Fabio Raicich, Antonio Ricchi, Lorenzo Sangelantoni, Ivica Vilibic, and Maria Letizia Vitelletti
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1468, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1468, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for OS (discussion: final response, 6 comments)
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We present a high-resolution modelling effort to investigate the possible end-of-century evolution of the main physical processes in the Adriatic Sea in a severe climate change scenario, with an ensemble approach (viz., use a of multiple simulations) allowing to control the uncertainty of the predictions. Our model exhibits a satisfactory capability to reproduce the recent past and provides a ground for a set of multidisciplinary studies in this area over a multi-decadal horizon.
22 May 2024
Coupled estimation of incoherent inertia gravity wave field and turbulent balanced motions via modal decomposition
Igor Maingonnat, Gilles Tissot, and Noé Lahaye
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1483, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1483, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for OS (discussion: final response, 6 comments)
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The entanglement of waves and currents in observational data complicates their respective estimation. We propose a data-based method providing a reduced set of modes associated with waves and currents respectively. Correlations between the two bases coordinates can be deduced, allowing us to perform a coupled estimation of these two physical processes. This methodology is able to produce estimates from an instantaneous observation of sea surface height, and for a strong jet signal.
08 May 2024
Generation of super-resolution gap-free ocean colour satellite products using DINEOF
Aida Alvera-Azcárate, Dimitry Van der Zande, Alexander Barth, Antoine Dille, Joppe Massant, and Jean-Marie Beckers
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1268, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1268, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for OS (discussion: final response, 4 comments)
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This work presents an approach to increase the spatial resolution of satellite data and interpolate gaps dur to cloud cover, using a method called DINEOF (Data Interpolating Empirical Orthogonal Functions). The method is tested on turbidity and chlorophyll-a concentration data in the Belgian coastal zone and the North Sea. The results show that we are able to improve the spatial resolution of these data in order to perform analysis of spatial and temporal variability in the coastal regions.
08 May 2024
Wave-resolving Voronoi model of Rouse number for sediment entrainment equilibrium
Johannes Lawen
External preprint server, https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2404.10878, https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2404.10878, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for OS (discussion: final response, 7 comments)
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A new Voronoi mesh-borne coastal ocean model has been developed. Recent publications encouraged the development of models that work with different mesh types. Voronoi meshes exhibit less acute polygon angles and less numerical diffusion. The developed model is sufficiently generalized to work with any mesh type (Delaunay triangles, Voronoi, structured, mixed). The model is suitable for wave-resolving simulations for coastal developments to resolve intricate changes in erosion and deposition.
03 May 2024
Long-term Prediction of the Gulf Stream Meander Using OceanNet: a Principled Neural Operator-based Digital Twin
Michael A. Gray, Ashesh Chattopadhyay, Tianning Wu, Anna Lowe, and Ruoying He
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1238, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1238, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for OS (discussion: final response, 4 comments)
Short summary
Co-editor-in-chief
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The Gulf Stream is a prominent oceanic feature in the northwestern Atlantic Ocean that influences weather patterns in the northern hemisphere and is notoriously difficult to predict. We present a machine learning model, OceanNet, to predict the position of the Gulf Stream months in advance. OceanNet is able to perform a 120-day prediction 4,000,000x faster than traditional methods of ocean modeling with great accuracy.
Co-editor-in-chief
The use of neural networks to emulate the dynamics of the Earth system (ocean, atmosphere) is of critical importance since it enables efficient and operational forecast, data assimilation, and affordable uncertainty quantification. This field has been very productive in numerical weather forecasts but relatively fewer results were demonstrated in the oceans. This paper could be a reference for mesoscale ocean dynamics emulation.
22 Dec 2023
Assessing heat and freshwater changes in the Southern Ocean using satellite-derived steric height
Jennifer Cocks, Alessandro Silvano, Alice Marzocchi, Oana Dragomir, Noémie Schifano, Anna E. Hogg, and Alberto C. Naveira Garabato
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-3050, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-3050, 2023
Preprint under review for OS (discussion: final response, 4 comments)
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Heat and freshwater fluxes in the Southern Ocean mediate global ocean circulation and abyssal ventilation. These fluxes manifest as changes in steric height: sea level anomalies from changes in ocean density. We compute the steric height anomaly of the Southern Ocean using satellite data and validate it against in-situ observations. We analyse interannual patterns, drawing links to climate variability, and discuss the effectiveness of the method, highlighting issues and suggesting improvements.
23 Feb 2022
Gravity disturbance driven ocean circulation
Peter C. Chu
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2022-12, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2022-12, 2022
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 14 comments)
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The gravity disturbance due to nonuniform Earth mass density is totally neglected in oceanography since the Earth true gravity has been greatly simplified into the standard/normal gravity with uniform mass density. This paper shows comparable forcing in driving ocean circulation due to the gravity disturbance and due to the surface wind stress curl by the classical Sverdrup-Stommel-Munk equation with three publicly available datasets in climatological, geodetic, and oceanographic communities.
08 Feb 2022
Analytical solution of the ray equations of Hamilton for Rossby waves on stationary shear flows
Vladimir Gnevyshev and Tatyana Belonenko
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2022-5, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2022-5, 2022
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 9 comments)
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The asymptotic behavior of Rossby waves in the ocean interacting with a shear stationary flow is considered. It is shown that there is a qualitative difference between the problems for the zonal and non-zonal background flow. If only one critical layer arises for a zonal flow, then several critical layers can exist for a non-zonal.
24 Jan 2022
Technical Note: Calibration-Free pH Sensing of Ocean and Estuarine Waters
Monica Miranda Mugica, Christina Day, Brandon McHale, Kay Louis McGuinness, Gareth Lee, Daisy Pickup, and Nathan Scott Lawrence
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-126, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-126, 2022
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 10 comments)
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ANB Sensors has developed a novel solid-state technology for monitoring the pH of estuarine environments. It was shown to respond effectively to pH in laboratory environments where the pH of the sea water solution was manipulated by injections of CO2. Field tests were conducted in an estuarine environment close to Oban, Scotland. The sensor was validated against a sampled solution and the data highlighted the efficiency of the sensor to monitor the tidal variations of pH.
03 Dec 2021
Potential Artifacts of Sequential State Estimation Invariants
Carl Wunsch
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-113, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-113, 2021
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 2 comments)
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Combinations of observations with dynamical, chemical, etc, models are essential tools for understanding of climate change. By "climate" is meant all of the sub-elements including ocean, atmosphere, ice, et al. A common form of combination arises from sequential estimation theory, a methodology susceptible to a variety of errors that can accumulate through time for long records. Using two simple analogues, many of these errors are identified here, with suggestions for accommodating them.
19 Nov 2021
On the use of acoustic data to characterise the thermohaline stratification in a tropical ocean
Ramilla Vieira Assunção, Anne Lebourges-Dhaussy, Alex Costa da Silva, Bernard Bourlès, Gary Vargas, Gildas Roudaut, and Arnaud Bertrand
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-101, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-101, 2021
Publication in OS not foreseen (discussion: closed, 2 comments)
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Active acoustics has been used to characterize physical structures and processes in the ocean, typically attributed to biological dispersion or turbulent structures. We take advantage of acoustic data from the Southwest Atlantic to test the feasibility of this approach in an oligotrophic region. The results show that the thermohaline structure impacts the vertical distribution of acoustic scatterers, however the methods tested did not allow a robust estimate of the thermohaline limits.
16 Nov 2021
Tide characteristics and tidal wave propagation in the Persian Gulf
S. Mahya Hoseini and Mohsen Soltanpour
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-98, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-98, 2021
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
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A 2D hydrodynamic model was employed to investigate the dynamics of tidal wave propagation in the Persian Gulf, a water body that has not been comprehensively studied before. The numerical model was verified by extensive field measurements all around the Persian Gulf. Numerical tests revealed that the Coriolis force, combined with the geometry of the gulf, results in generation of different amphidromic systems of diurnal and semidiurnal constituents.
09 Nov 2021
Changes in the Surface Salinity Gradient and Transport of the Irminger Current: The Climate Perspective
Nathan Paldor, Ofer Shamir, Andreas Münchow, and Albert D. Kirwan Jr.
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-100, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-100, 2021
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
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The manuscript examines the flow of the Irminger Current east, and west, of Greenland by analyzing a 37-year long reanalyzed surface salinity data using the new Freshening Length schema. The Current is a major component of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) that strongly affects Earth's climate. Our analysis reveals that the Current interacts only slightly with the surrounding water east of Greenland while west of it, most of its water sinks to the deep ocean.
03 Nov 2021
Modelling the influence of light on the biological characteristics of coastal waters
Paulo Felipe Lagos, Amandine Sabadel, and Miles Lamare
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-99, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-99, 2021
Publication in OS not foreseen (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
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This study describes seasonal atmosphere-oceanographic trends over a three year period for an optically complex coastal area off the Otago coast, New Zealand, aiming to characterise the atmosphere-ocean connection and understand its influence on the penetration of light in the water column. Furthermore, a quantitative model based on satellite data and in situ measurements of how light decreases with depth is used to predict seasonal changes in the productivity of the area.
21 Oct 2021
Formulation and demonstration of an extended-3DVAR multi-scale data assimilation system for the SWOT altimetry era
Zhijin Li, Matthew Archer, Jinbo Wang, and Lee-Lueng Fu
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-89, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-89, 2021
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 3 comments)
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We developed a data assimilation (DA) system coupled to a high-resolution model of the California Current region. This three-dimensional variational DA system has been extended to effectively assimilate a longer window of high-density ocean observations, in anticipation of the upcoming SWOT (surface water and ocean topography) satellite mission. The new era of swath-altimetry ushered in by SWOT will challenge existing DA systems, and this study presents a first approach to this challenge.
28 Sep 2021
Properties and evolution of a submesoscale cyclonic spiral
Reiner Onken and Burkard Baschek
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-86, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-86, 2021
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
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The evolution of a small spiraliform ocean eddy is simulated with a numerical model. Its generation starts from a dense filament that is rolled into a vortex. Various quantities are organized in single-arm and multi-arm spirals. Oscillations of the vertical velocity are due to vortex Rossby waves. Virtual drifters and floats indicate downwelling everywhere near the surface, that is most intense in the center of the spiral, leading to a radial outflow and weak upwelling at the periphery.
18 Aug 2021
Model-to-model data assimilation method for fine resolution ocean modelling
Georgy I. Shapiro and Jose M. Gonzalez-Ondina
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-77, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-77, 2021
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 6 comments)
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An effective method is developed for data assimilation in a high-resolution (child) ocean model in the case when the output from a coarse-resolution data-assimilating model (parent) is available. The basic idea is to assimilate data from the coarser model instead of actual observations. The method named Data Assimilation with Stochastic-Deterministic Downscaling (SDDA) does not allow the child model to drift away from reality as it is indirectly controlled by observations via the parent model.
09 Aug 2021
Evidence for iceberg fertilization of the NW Atlantic
Grant Robert Bigg, Quentin Jutard, and Robert Marsh
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-61, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-61, 2021
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 8 comments)
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Icebergs fertilize the Southern Ocean, enhancing phytoplankton production, but this link is yet to be found in the Arctic. This study seeks such a relationship in the NW Atlantic. A one-month-lagged correlation between iceberg flux and chlorophyll levels is found, with the likely cause for this link through advection of the nutrients entrained in iceberg meltwater. The impact of iceberg meltwater on Arctic phytoplankton is much less pronounced than in the Southern Ocean, but it is discernible.
07 Jul 2021
Assimilation of ice compactness data in a strong coupling regime in the ocean – sea ice coupled model
Maxim N. Kaurkin, Leonid Y. Kalnitski, Konstantin V. Ushakov, and Rashit A. Ibrayev
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-65, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-65, 2021
Publication in OS not foreseen (discussion: closed, 2 comments)
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The Arctic plays an important role in the global climate system, where sea ice regulates the exchange of heat and momentum between the atmosphere and the ocean. Interpretation of such changes is difficult due to small amount of observations. Numerical modeling can contribute to understanding these processes, but the lack of knowledge about the physics of ice-ocean interactions limits our ability to realistically reproduce them. The remedy is to correct the model solution by data assimilation.
28 May 2021
Long-period solar annual and semiannual tidal contributions to the lowest normal low water in seas surrounding China
Yanguang Fu, Dongxu Zhou, Yikai Feng, and Xinghua Zhou
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-3, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-3, 2021
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 2 comments)
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In this study, long-term tide gauge observations and multi-mission satellite altimetry data were used to investigate the spatial distribution of the long-period tidal contribution in Chinese seas and analyze the relative long-period tidal contribution rate into four regions. The result indicate that the long-period tidal constituent cannot be neglected in the establishment of the LNLW datum to improve tidal datum precision.
25 May 2021
Geophysical and biogeochemical observations using BGC Argo floats in the western North Pacific during late winter and early spring. Part 1: Restratification processes of the surface mixed layer
Ryuichiro Inoue, Chiho Sukigara, Stuart Bishop, Eitarou Oka, and Takeyoshi Nagai
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-38, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-38, 2021
Publication in OS not foreseen (discussion: closed, 2 comments)
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We investigated how surface mixed layer (vertically homogeneous layer at the sea surface due to winter cooling) develops stratification between late winter and early spring. We used autonomous observing platforms to take time series data under sever weather conditions and found that lateral transports of lighter water were more important than surface heating during the observation period. We also found that the lateral process was also promote biological activities near the sea surface.
23 Apr 2021
The inference of internal solitary waves in the northern South China Sea from data acquired by underwater gliders
Wei Ma, Hongwei Zhang, Chenyi Luo, Yanhui Wang, and Yang Song
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-29, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-29, 2021
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
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We conducted internal solitary waves(ISWs) observation in the northern South China Sea in August 2017 by the four Petrel-Ⅱ gliders. The gliders capture the internal waves, and the types of internal waves are classified by vertical water velocities inferred from glider and hydrographic data. Combined with the analysis of a MODIS true color image, we verify this method. The observation of different types of ISWs in South China Sea is the application of underwater gliders for the first time.
24 Mar 2021
Impacts of a large extra-tropical cyclonic system in Southern Brazilian Continental Shelf using the COAWST model
Luis Felipe F. Mendonça, Antônio F. H. Fetter-Filho, Mauro M. Andrade, Fabricio S. C. Oliveira, Douglas S. Lindemann, Rose Ane P. Freitas, and Carlos. A. D. Lentini
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-11, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-11, 2021
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 5 comments)
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This study used the coupled ocean-atmosphere regional model (COAWST) to evaluate the effect of the passage of a frontal system associated with an extra-tropical cyclone. The ocean and atmosphere models (ROMS and WRF) was configured with two nested grids, in order to solve the dynamic processes, at different scales, that comprise the energy transfer from the atmospheric system to the ocean.
08 Mar 2021
Thermodynamic processes affecting the winter sea ice changes in the
Bering Sea in the Norwegian Earth System Model
Huiling Zou, Yongqi Gao, Helene R. Langehaug, Lei Yu, and Dong Guo
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-16, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-16, 2021
Publication in OS not foreseen (discussion: closed, 2 comments)
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This work focuses on the the relationships between winter sea ice variability and thermodynamic processes in sea ice in the Bering Sea. It has been found that in the Norwegian Earth System Model, thermodynamics in sea ice plays an important role in winter sea ice variability and they can contribute over 70 % of winter sea ice mass incresea in the Bering Sea. The results can be very helpful to give a better understanding of sea ice changes in an Earth System Model.
15 Feb 2021
Observational Study on the Variability of Mixed Layer Depth in the Bering
Sea and the Chukchi Sea in the Summer of 2019
Xiaohui Jiao, Jicai Zhang, and Chunyan Li
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-7, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-7, 2021
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 6 comments)
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In the oceanic surface layer, the temperature, salinity, and density are mixed well vertically. And the depth of this layer is called mixed layer depth. The mixed layer depth is important because it is related to climate change. We obtained the mixed layer depth by measuring the salinity and the temperature in the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Sea in the summer of 2019, and found that the factors that might influence the mixed layer depth include ocean current, wind, heat and water flux.
10 Feb 2021
An overlooked freshwater source contributed to the extreme freshening
event in the eastern subpolar North Atlantic after 2014
Bogi Hansen, Karin Margretha Húsgarð Larsen, Hjálmar Hátún, Steingrímur Jónsson, Sólveig Rósa Ólafsdóttir, Andreas Macrander, William Johns, N. Penny Holliday, and Steffen Malskær Olsen
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-14, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-14, 2021
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 5 comments)
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Compared to other freshwater sources, runoff from Iceland is small and usually flows into the Nordic Seas. Under certain wind conditions, it can, however, flow into the Iceland Basin and this occurred after 2014, when this region had already freshened from other causes. This explains why the surface freshening in this area became so extreme. The local and shallow character of this runoff allows it to have a disproportionate effect on vertical mixing, winter convection, and biological production.
28 Jan 2021
An EMD-PSO-LSSVM hybrid model for significant wave
height prediction
Gang Tang, Haohao Du, Xiong Hu, Yide Wang, Christophe Claramunt, and Shaoyang Men
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-2, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-2, 2021
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 6 comments)
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Accurate and significant wave height prediction with a couple of hours of warning time should offer major safety improvements for coastal and ocean engineering applications. However, significant wave height phenomenon is nonlinear and nonstationary, which makes any prediction simulation a non straightforward task. The aim of the research presented in this paper is to improve predicted significant wave height via a hybrid algorithm.
11 Dec 2020
Australian tidal currents – assessment of a barotropic model with an unstructured grid
David A. Griffin, Mike Herzfeld, and Mark Hemer
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-107, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-107, 2020
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 5 comments)
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In support of the developing ocean renewable energy sector, and indeed all mariners, we have developed a new tidal model for Australian waters and thoroughly evaluated it using a new compilation of tide gauge and current meter data. We show that while there is certainly room for improvement, the model provides useful predictions of tidal currents for about 80 % (by area) of Australian shelf waters. So we intend to commence publishing tidal current predictions for those regions soon.
03 Dec 2020
The coherence of the oceanic heat transport through the Nordic seas:
oceanic heat budget and interannual variability
Anna V. Vesman, Igor L. Bashmachnikov, Pavel A. Golubkin, and Roshin P. Raj
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-109, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-109, 2020
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 7 comments)
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Atlantic Waters carry heat and salt towards Arctic. The goal of this study was to study how the heat flux changes with its journey to the north. It was shown that despite the fact that there is some connection between variability of the heat flux near the shores of Norway and heat fluxes in the northern part of the Fram Strait. There are different processes governing this variability, which results in a different tendencies in the southern and northern regions of the study.
24 Nov 2020
The improvements to the regional South China Sea
Operational Oceanography Forecasting System
Xueming Zhu, Ziqing Zu, Shihe Ren, Yunfei Zhang, Miaoyin Zhang, and Hui Wang
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-104, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-104, 2020
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 12 comments)
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In order to improve forecasting skills of South China Sea Operational Forecasting System operated in NMEFC of China, comprehensive updates have been conducted to the configurations of physical model and data assimilation scheme. Scientific inter-comparison and accuracy assessment has been performed by employing GODAE IV-TT Class 4 metrics. The results indicate that remarkable improvements have been achieved in the new version of SCSOFS.
13 Oct 2020
Recent sea level rise on Ireland's east coast based on multiple tide gauge analysis
Amin Shoari Nejad, Andrew C. Parnell, Alice Greene, Brian P. Kelleher, and Gerard McCarthy
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-81, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-81, 2020
Publication in OS not foreseen (discussion: closed, 2 comments)
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Following the concerns regarding the consequences of global warming and sea levels rise around the globe, we decided to evaluate how Dublin bay, as an important metropolitan area, is getting affected. After analysing the recordings of multiple tide gauges that are measuring sea levels in the bay, we found that the sea level has been rising 10 millimeters per year between 2003 and 2015 in the region. Also according to our estimations, sea level rise has not been negative since 1996.
21 Sep 2020
Estimating the Absolute Salinity of China Offshore Seawater Using Nutrients and Inorganic Carbon Data
Fengying Ji, Xuejun Xiong, and Rich Pawlowicz
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-84, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-84, 2020
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 1 comment)
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The Absolute Salinity SA of China offshore sea water ranges from 12 to 34.66 g kg-1, in which the Absolute Salinity Anomaly δSA ranges from 0 to 0.20 g kg-1;
Calcium carbonate is the main composition anomaly of China offshore sea water relative to SSW and the primary contributor to the δSA;
The largest δSA locates in the regions with high calcium carbonate:the northern Jiangsu shoals, Bohai Sea, the Yangtze River mouth;
The practical salinity rise 0.04 at most due to compositon change.
31 Aug 2020
Properties of baroclinic Rossby waves in the North Atlantic from eddy-resolving simulations of ocean circulation
Sylvain Watelet, Jean-Marie Beckers, Jean-Marc Molines, and Charles Troupin
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-79, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-79, 2020
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 5 comments)
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In this study, we use a numerical hindcast at high resolution (1/12°) to examine the occurrence and properties of Rossby waves in the North Atlantic between 1970–2015. We show evidence of Rossby waves travelling at 39° N at a speed of 4.17 cm s−1. These results are consistent with baroclinic Rossby waves generated by the North Atlantic Oscillation in the central North Atlantic and travelling westward before interacting with the Gulf Stream transport with a time lag of about 2 years.
12 Aug 2020
Impact of the current feedback on kinetic energy over the North-East
Atlantic from a coupled ocean/atmospheric boundary layer model
Théo Brivoal, Guillaume Samson, Hervé Giordani, Romain Bourdallé-Badie, Florian Lemarié, and Gurvan Madec
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-78, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-78, 2020
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
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We investigate the interactions between near-surface winds and oceanic surface currents on the north-east atlantic region using a simplified lower atmosphere model coupled with an ocean model. we show that the upper ocean kinetic energy is significantly reduced due to these interactions, but in a smaller amplitude than if the wind feedback is ignored. We also show that wind-current interactions affect the deeper ocean by modifying its vertical structure and consequently the pressure field.
13 Jul 2020
Effect of mesoscale eddy on thermocline depth over the global ocean:
deepen and uplift
Xiaoyan Chen and Ge Chen
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-64, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-64, 2020
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 7 comments)
Short summary
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We systematically estimated the vertical displacement of thermocline affected by mesoscale eddies using global, 17-year spanning Argo dataset in combination with satellite altimetry. Thermocline is deeper in anticyclones, shallower in cyclones. Eddies induce the largest thermocline displacement in spring especially along strong western boundaries. This displacement is linearly correlated with eddy radius and amplitude. And the effect of eddies with opposite polarity on thermocline is asymmetric.
08 Jul 2020
Towards operational phytoplankton recognition with automated high-throughput imaging and compact convolutional neural networks
Tuomas Eerola, Kaisa Kraft, Osku Grönberg, Lasse Lensu, Sanna Suikkanen, Jukka Seppälä, Timo Tamminen, Heikki Kälviäinen, and Heikki Haario
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-62, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-62, 2020
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
Short summary
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The role of plankton communities in important environmental issues is an active research question. Large amounts of plankton images collected using modern devices call for automated analysis methods. We consider classification of phytoplanktons using compact convolutional neural networks allowing fast model training. We analyse the confused classes and their practical implications to aquatic research. We show that good accuracy can be obtained with a limited amount of unbalanced training data.
02 Jul 2020
Evidence of coastal trapped wave scattering using high-frequency
radar data in the Mid-Atlantic Bight
Kelsey Brunner and Kamazima M. M. Lwiza
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-46, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-46, 2020
Publication in OS not foreseen (discussion: closed, 9 comments)
Short summary
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Coastal trapped waves (CTWs) are very long shallow water waves that propagate along the continental shelves of most major ocean basins. Their general properties are known but can be easily modified by changes in the coastline or other factors through a process known as scattering. Scattering is not well understood but can cause high surface velocities. For the first time, we directly observe CTW scattering using a simple mathematical technique that can be easily applied to other coastlines.
09 Jun 2020
Implementing a finite-volume coupled physical-biogeochemical model to the coastal East China Sea
Jingui Liu, Shanglu Li, Xuanliang Ji, Guimei Liu, Qingqing Pan, and Yun Li
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-47, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-47, 2020
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 8 comments)
Short summary
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The coastal East China Sea (ECS) is a highly productive system characterized of multiple spatial and temporal scale, in which physical, biogeochemical and ecological processes strongly interact. A coupled model system was implemented to a high resolution coastal ECS. The model was capable to reproduce main temporal and spatial features for phytoplankton and nutrients. This work could form a significant basis for future work, e.g. the response of biogeochemical flux to physical mechanism.
08 Jun 2020
Technical Note: Estimation of global loss of freshwater based on sea level changes over geological time
Gaspar Banfalvi
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-42, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-42, 2020
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 6 comments)
Short summary
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From the global escape of light gases (H, ammonia, water vapour) to space, the global water loss could not be estimated. Therefore the ancient and recent sea levels and volumes were used to estimate the disappearance of water from the Earth. Earlier high sea levels with decreasing fluctuations indicate water loss long before man existed. Highest sea level was referred to as the Infant Sea with an estimated volume that could have been by 26 % more voluminous than it is today.
02 Jun 2020
The Influence of Turbulent Mixing on the Subsurface Chlorophyll Maximum Layer in the Northern South China Sea
Chenjing Shang, Changrong Liang, Guiying Chen, and Yongli Gao
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-26, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-26, 2020
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 11 comments)
Short summary
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The South China Sea is characterized by abundant phytoplankton and energetic internal waves. The distribution of turbulent mixing is uneven in the South China Sea. It is not clear how turbulent mixing affects the distribution of nutrients and chlorophyll in the South China Sea. Investigating the impact of turbulent mixing on the distributions of nutrient and chlorophyll is important to understand the bio-dynamic process and improve the marine ecological model in the South China Sea.
13 May 2020
Constraining Uncertainties in CMIP5 Projections of Arctic Sea Ice Volume with Observations
Wang Yangjun, Liu Kefeng, Shan Yulong, and Zhang Ren
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-35, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-35, 2020
Publication in OS not foreseen (discussion: closed, 2 comments)
Short summary
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This paper proposes a new algorithm called AFTER-SSIM algorithm to evaluate the performance of 101 selected global climate models under different emission scenarios during 2006 to 2018 and reduces the uncertainty among them.
AFTER-SSIM algorithm shows good performance in sea ice combined forecast and uncertainty reduction among global climate models.
The possibility beyond 80 % indicates that the Arctic Northern Sea Route will be open to 1A super vessels for 5 months in the year of 2030.
13 May 2020
Deep water formation in the North Atlantic Ocean in high resolution global coupled climate models
Torben Koenigk, Ramon Fuentes-Franco, Virna Meccia, Oliver Gutjahr, Laura C. Jackson, Adrian L. New, Pablo Ortega, Christopher Roberts, Malcolm Roberts, Thomas Arsouze, Doroteaciro Iovino, Marie-Pierre Moine, and Dmitry V. Sein
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-41, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-41, 2020
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
Short summary
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The mixing of water masses into the deep ocean in the North Atlantic is important for the entire global ocean circulation. We use seven global climate models to investigate the effect of increasing the model resolution on this deep ocean mixing. The main result is that increased model resolution leads to a deeper mixing of water masses in the Labrador Sea but has less effect in the Greenland Sea. However, most of the models overestimate the deep ocean mixing compared to observations.
04 May 2020
Subsurface Initiation of Deep Convection near Maud Rise
René M. van Westen and Henk A. Dijkstra
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-33, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-33, 2020
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 8 comments)
Short summary
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In 2016 and 2017, an open-water area emerged within the Antarctic sea-ice pack, the so-called Maud Rise polynya. The opening of the sea ice has been linked to intense winter storms. In this study, we investigate another important contributor to polynya formation by analysing subsurface static instabilities. These static instabilities initiate subsurface convection near Maud Rise. We conclude that apart from winter storms, subsurface convection plays an important role in polynya formation.
11 Mar 2020
A case study of Kuroshio Extension Front: evolution, structure, diapycnal mixing and instability
Jiahao Wang, Xi Chen, Kefeng Mao, and Kelan Zhu
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-10, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-10, 2020
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 2 comments)
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In this work, we combine both the long-term, broad sea surface observational data and the high spatial resolution, reliable direct observational data to study the oceanic front east of Japan which has important impacts on the regional ecosystem, fishery and atmosphere. We analyze several interesting oceanic processes including thermohaline intrusion, double diffusion mixing and turbulent mixing in the frontal zone as well.
27 Jan 2020
Seasonal variability of radiation tide in Gulf of Riga
Vilnis Frishfelds, Juris Sennikovs, Uldis Bethers, and Andrejs Timuhins
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-7, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-7, 2020
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 5 comments)
Short summary
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The paper discuses averaged daily water level variations in Gulf of Riga for each season. Does the daily pattern result from gravitational tides or sea/land breeze for given month? Results show that their interference is vital from March to October. Water level has typically a distinct maximum in late afternoon for April-May when the forcing by gravity of the Sun is nearly in phase with its radiation effect. The opposite occurs for the September when both effects cancel each other in average.
14 Jan 2020
Determining the dependence of the power supply to the ocean on the length and time scales of the dynamics between the meso-scale and the synoptic-scale, from satellite data
Achim Wirth
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2019-128, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2019-128, 2020
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 5 comments)
Short summary
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The input of mechanical power to the ocean due to the surface wind-stress is considered using data from satellites observations. Its dependence on the coarse-graining scale of the atmospheric and oceanic velocity in space and time is determined. The power input is found to increase monotonically with shorter coarse-graining in time. Results show that including the dynamics at scales below a few degrees reduces considerably the power input by air-sea interaction.
03 Jan 2020
Bottom-water temperature controls on biogenic silica dissolution and recycling in surficial deep-sea sediments
Shahab Varkouhi and Jonathan Wells
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2019-121, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2019-121, 2020
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 2 comments)
02 Jan 2020
Turbulent transport of discharged ground water in oceanic bottom
boundary layers in a water channel experiment
Nils Karow, Leonie Kandler, Martin Brede, and Sven Grundmann
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2019-116, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2019-116, 2020
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 5 comments)
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This project is part of the graduate school Baltic Transcoast. This graduate school aimed to investigate the interaction between a coastal fen and the Baltic sea. In this work, the mixing and transport of the submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) was investigated in a defined laboratory experiment. For this, a new wave channel ground model was constructed and produced to facilitate the variation of different parameters for the investigations.
09 Oct 2019
3D dynamics of the Southeastern North Sea, effects of variable
resolution
Ivan Kuznetsov, Alexey Androsov, Vera Fofonova, Sergey Danilov, Natalja Rakowsky, Sven Harig, and Karen Helen Wiltshire
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2019-103, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2019-103, 2019
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
Short summary
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Coastal regions play a significant role in global processes. Numerical models are one of the major instruments in understanding ocean dynamics. The main objective of this article is to demonstrate the representativeness of the simulations with the new FESOM-C model by comparing the results with observational data for the southeastern part of the North Sea. An equally important objective is to present the application of convergence analysis of solutions for grids of different spatial resolutions.
09 Oct 2019
Numerical Investigation of Typhoon Waves Generated by Three Typhoons in the China Sea
Qing Shi, Jun Tang, Yongming Shen, and Yuxiang Ma
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2019-111, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2019-111, 2019
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
01 Aug 2019
The Determination of Surfactants at the Sea Surface
Leon King, Ieuan J. Roberts, Liselotte Tinel, and Lucy J. Carpenter
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2019-87, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2019-87, 2019
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 2 comments)
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Recent studies suggest that the sea surface microlayer is ubiquitously enriched in surfactants, even at high wind speeds, which exert a control on air-sea gas exchange. These conclusions are partly based on voltammetry measurements of
surfactant activity(SA). Here, we show that the response of SA-voltammetry varies widely for different surfactants, becomes saturated above total surfactant concentrations of 1–2 mg L-1, and shows a poor correlation in natural waters with surface film pressure.
12 Jul 2019
Improved Spectral Angle Mapper applications for mangrove classification using SPOT5 imagery
Xiu Su, Xiang Wang, Jianhua Zhao, Ke Cao, Jianchao Fan, and Zhengxian Yang
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2019-13, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2019-13, 2019
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 2 comments)
20 Jun 2019
A hybrid data assimilation method and its comparison with an Ensemble Optimal Interpolation scheme in conjunction with the numerical ocean model using altimetry data
Konstantin Belyaev, Andrey Kuleshov, Ilya Smirnov, and Clemente A. S. Tanajura
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2019-56, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2019-56, 2019
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 6 comments)
Short summary
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The authors data assimilation method recently developed is presented and tested together with the ocean circulation model. It is shown that the method is able to assimilate data. It produces analyses closer to observations and also has several advantages in comparison with the traditional data assimilation schemes, for instance, with the Ensemble Optimal Interpolation scheme (EnOI). It provides a better forecast and requires less computational consumptions.
23 May 2019
Characterization of Ocean Mixing and Dynamics during the
2017 Maud Rise Polynya Event
Jhon F. Mojica, Daiane Faller, Diana Francis, Clare Eayrs, and David Holland
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2019-41, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2019-41, 2019
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 6 comments)
Short summary
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During 2017 Austral winter, an ice-free area surrounded by the winter sea ice called open ocean polynya appeared in the Lazarev Sea, Antarctica. A layer between 80–180 m depth storage energy from summer months characterizing the vertical structure of the water column. Mixing processes drives the exchange of energy in the water column. This exchange of energy contribute to the open-ocean polynya preconditioning.
17 May 2019
A methodology for estimating the response of the coastal ocean to
meteorological forcing: A case study in the Bohai Bay
Daosheng Wang, Haidong Pan, Lin Mu, Xianqing Lv, Bing Yan, and Hua Yang
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2019-32, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2019-32, 2019
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 3 comments)
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A new methodology, named as IBR, is developed to estimate the response of the coastal ocean to meteorological forcing. The response is taken as the combination of the static response calculated using inverted barometer formula and the dynamic response estimated using multivariable linear regression. The analysed results in the Bohai Bay indicate that the adjusted sea levels are related more to the regional wind than to the local wind and the IBR is a feasible and relatively effective method.
23 Apr 2019
Deep Circulation in the South China Sea Simulated in a Regional Model
Xiaolong Zhao, Chun Zhou, Xiaobiao Xu, Ruijie Ye, Jiwei Tian, and Wei Zhao
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2019-29, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2019-29, 2019
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
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This study presents a detailed spatial structure and temporal variability of the deep circulation under enhanced mixing in the South China Sea (SCS) based on eddy-resolving model simulations verified by continuous current-meter observations and enables us to investigate sensitivity to distribution of mixing. Comparing the northern shelf of the SCS with the Luzon Strait, deep circulation in the SCS is more sensitive to the large vertical mixing parameters in the Zhongsha Island Chain area.
27 Mar 2019
Water masses and mixing processes in the Southern Caribbean
upwelling system off Colombia
Marco Correa-Ramirez, Ángel Rodriguez-Santana, Constanza Ricaurte-Villota, and Jorge Paramo
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2019-17, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2019-17, 2019
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
Short summary
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Waters form the Subtropical Water mass (SUW) generated in the central Atlantic enter the Caribbean through Antilles and flow westward at the depth of the subsurface salinity maximum. Our evidence shows that part of these waters are returned to the east by a Coastal Undercurrent where their salt content is modified by intense processes of vertical mixing with diluted surface waters. Eventually these modified SUW waters reaches the surface in the coastal upwelling areas off Colombia and Venezuela.
26 Feb 2019
The impact of wave physics in the CMEMS-IBI ocean system Part A: Wave forcing validation
Romain Rainaud, Lotfi Aouf, Alice Dalphinet, Marcos Garcia Sotillo, Enrique Alvarez-Fanjul, Guillaume Reffray, Bruno Levier, Stéphane LawChune, Pablo Lorente, and Cristina Toledano
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-165, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-165, 2019
Publication in OS not foreseen (discussion: closed, 9 comments)
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This paper highlight the adjustment of the wave physics in order to improve the surface stress and thus the ocean/wave coupling dedicated to Iberian Biscay and Ireland domain. The validation with altimeters wave data during the year 2014 has shown a slight improvement of the significant wave height. Statistical analysis of the results of the new and old versions of the wave model MFWAM is examined for the three main ocean regions of the IBI domain.
15 Feb 2019
Impact of wave physics on ocean–wave coupling in CMEMS-IBI Part B: Validation study
Romain Rainaud, Lotfi Aouf, Alice Dalphinet, Marcos Garcia Sotillo, Enrique Alvarez-Fanjul, Guillaume Reffray, Bruno Levier, Stéphane Law-Chune, Pablo Lorente, and Cristina Toledano
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-167, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-167, 2019
Publication in OS not foreseen (discussion: closed, 5 comments)
Short summary
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This work highlights the relevance of coupling wave model with ocean model in order to improve key surface ocean parameters and in general to better describe the ocean circulation at small and large scale.
The results focus on the Iberian Biscay and Ireland ocean region with fine grid resolution of 2.5 km for the ocean model. The main conclusion is the improvement of wave physics induces a better ocean mixing at the upper layer and a positive impact for sea surface height in storm events.
28 Jan 2019
Eddy-induced Track Reversal and Upper Ocean Physical-Biogeochemical Response of Tropical Cyclone Madi in the Bay of Bengal
Riyanka Roy Chowdhury, S. Prasanna Kumar, and Arun Chakraborty
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-133, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-133, 2019
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 12 comments)
Short summary
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Highlights: Documented role of oceanic cyclonic eddies in modifying track and life cycle of cyclone by way of abrupt track reversal and rapid decay. Cyclone-induced increase in the chlorophyll a biomass ranged from 5 to 7 fold, while the net primary productivity from 2.5 to 8 fold. A 3.7 fold increase in cyclone-induced CO2
out-gassing indicative of the altering regional CO2 balance in the BoB, which is a weak sink.
24 Jan 2019
An ensemble probabilisitic approach to reconstruct the biogeochemical
state of the North Atlantic Ocean using ocean colour images
Florent Garnier, Pierre Brasseur, Jean-Michel Brankart, Yeray Santana-Falcon, and Emmanuel Cosme
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-153, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-153, 2019
Publication in OS not foreseen (discussion: closed, 2 comments)
22 Jan 2019
Relations of physical and biogenic reworking of sandy sediments in the southeastern North Sea
Knut Krämer, Soeren Ahmerkamp, Ulrike Schückel, Moritz Holtappels, and Christian Winter
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-152, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-152, 2019
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 3 comments)
Short summary
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The sandy seafloor in shelf seas is constantly overturned by waves and currents but also by a large number of animals searching for shelter and food. By taking a close look at the seafloor surface with the help of a laser scanner, this study evaluates their contribution to the overall reworking of sediment: It makes up as much as 14 % of the physically driven reworking. The activity of the organisms varies with the seasons and between different locations and can be estimated from physical values.
17 Jan 2019
Distribution of Water Masses in the Atlantic Ocean based on
GLODAPv2
Mian Liu and Toste Tanhua
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-140, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-140, 2019
Publication in OS not foreseen (discussion: closed, 2 comments)
15 Jan 2019
Assimilation of SST data in the POSEIDON system using the SOSSTA statistical-dynamical observation operator
Gerasimos Korres, Dimitra Denaxa, Eric Jansen, Isabelle Mirouze, Sam Pimentel, Wang-Hung Tse, and Andrea Storto
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-158, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-158, 2019
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 3 comments)
Short summary
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A statistical-dynamical observation operator (SOSSTA) for satellite SST data assimilation able to account for SST diurnal variability, is formulated and implemented into the POSEIDON forecasting system (Aegean Sea). Model experiments where daytime SST retrievals from the SEVIRI infrared radiometer are introduced into the data assimilation procedure through the application of the observation operator, showed an improvement of the POSEIDON modelling system performance.
09 Jan 2019
Remote sensing of upwelling off Australia's north-east coast
Mochamad Furqon Azis Ismail, Joachim Ribbe, Johannes Karstensen, and Vincent Rossi
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-142, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-142, 2019
Publication in OS not foreseen (discussion: closed, 5 comments)
05 Dec 2018
Revisiting the DeepWater Horizon spill: High resolution model simulations of effects of oil droplet size distribution and river fronts
Lars R. Hole, Knut-Frode Dagestad, Johannes Röhrs, Cecilie Wettre, Vassiliki H. Kourafalou, Ioannis Androulidakis, Matthieu Le Hénaff, Heesook Kang, and Oscar Garcia-Pineda
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-130, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-130, 2018
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 8 comments)
Short summary
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This study shows how the Mississippi river influenced the spreading of oil in the Gulf of Mexico after the DeepWater Horizon disaster. High resolution numerical models for ocean and atmosphere circulation are used to force an oil drift model. The circulation is totally different when river input is removed in the ocean model. The study also showcase the importance of the choice of oil droplet size distribution. Model output is compared with satellite observation of surface oil.
02 Nov 2018
Do sun spots influence the onset of ENSO and PDO events in the Pacific Ocean?
Franklin Isaac Ormaza-González and María Esther Espinoza-Celi
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-125, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-125, 2018
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 9 comments)
Short summary
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Sea surface temperature is affected by sun energy which in turn varies in time due to astronomical factors and sun activity. The activity can be estimated by sun spots (SS). Some oceanographic events like inter-annual El/La Niño/Niña as well as decadal processes should be affected by SS. It was found correlation between SS and various oceanographic indexes in time series from 1954 to 2017. This fact should be considered when dealing and modelling forecasts of such indexes.
24 Oct 2018
Influence of initial stratification, wind and sea ice on the modelled
oceanic circulation in Nares Strait, northwest Greenland
Lovisa Waldrop Bergman and Céline Heuzé
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-122, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-122, 2018
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 6 comments)
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How to force a model where no suitable observation exists? We here determine using MITgcm the relative influence of the choice of wind, initial hydrography, and sea ice cover on the resulting ocean circulation in Nares Strait, northwest Greenland. The input with the largest effect is the density gradient in the upper layer. We argue that it should be prioritised over high resolution wind for cost-effective simulations of the Arctic straits, crucial for modelling the Arctic freshwater export.
10 Oct 2018
Deep-sea search and recovery: with and without operating an underwater vehicle
Tongwei Zhang, Shengjie Qin, Xiangxin Wang, and Jialing Tang
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-88, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-88, 2018
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 12 comments)
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We propose a new type of deep-sea recovery system that does not rely on operating underwater vehicles, along with the recovery process. Operating underwater vehicles have many operating difficulties and are expensive, which means that they are often reserved for high-priority missions such as recovering aircraft black boxes from plane crashes. Our system offers low-cost and rapid deep-sea recovery, which means that it can be applied to missions with less social importance.
13 Sep 2018
Ocean signature of intense wind events in the Western Mediterranean Sea
Francesco Ragone, Andrea Meli, Anna Napoli, and Claudia Pasquero
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-95, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-95, 2018
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 2 comments)
04 Sep 2018
Changes in the properties of deep and intermediate water masses in the Nordic Seas from 1997 to 2016
Małgorzata Merchel and Waldemar Walczowski
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-93, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-93, 2018
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 5 comments)
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In the last two decades, deep and intermediate water in the Nordic Seas has warmed at least ten times more (0.36 °C at 700 m) than mean global values (0.03 °C at 700 m). Changes in the deep and intermediate water properties in the area may have much stronger impacts on the recent intensification of climate change than previously forecast, increasing ocean circulation, the amount of dissolved oxygen and carbon dioxide in the deep sea, and sea level rise at a much faster rate.
29 Jun 2018
A mechanistic classification of double tides
J. A. Mattias Green, David G. Bowers, and Hannah A. M. Byrne
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-72, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-72, 2018
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 3 comments)
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In a double tide the ocean reaches high or low tide, starts to fall or rise, only to go back to a new high or low. Here, we describe three ways this can happen by dividing locations with observed double tides into three classes. This showed that double tides are more common than we thought, and more complicated than most textbooks claim because they only describe one class of double tides. This matters to shipping, coastal flood management, and other disciplines interested in sea-level change.
28 Jun 2018
Importance of high resolution nitrogen deposition data for biogeochemical modeling in the western Baltic Sea and the contribution of the shipping sector
Daniel Neumann, René Friedland, Matthias Karl, Hagen Radtke, Volker Matthias, and Thomas Neumann
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-71, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-71, 2018
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 5 comments)
Short summary
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We found that refining the spatial resolution of nitrogen deposition data had low impact on marine nitrogen compounds compared to the impact by nitrogen deposition data sets of different origin (other model). The shipping sector had a contribution of up to 10 % to the marine dissolved inorganic nitrogen.
26 Jun 2018
Air-sea momentum flux climatologies: A review of drag relation for
parameterization choice on wind stress in the North Atlantic and the
European Arctic
Iwona Wrobel-Niedzwiecka, Violetta Drozdowska, and Jacek Piskozub
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-61, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-61, 2018
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 6 comments)
Short summary
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Drag coefficient is not a constant because it is an increasing function of wind speed so we chose to check the differences between the relevant parameterizations for drag coefficient for momentum transfer values in the North Atlantic and the European Arctic. We show that the choice of drag coefficient parameterization can lead to significant differences in resultant momentum flux (or wind stress) values. The differences between the highest and lowest parameterizations may be 14 % in the Arctic.
21 Jun 2018
Buoyancy-driven effects on turbulent diffusivity induced by a river plume in the southern Brazilian shelf
Rafael André Ávila and Paulo H. R. Calil
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-66, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-66, 2018
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 3 comments)
14 Jun 2018
Mesoscale processes regulating the upper layer dynamics of Andaman waters during winter monsoon
Salini Thaliyakkattil Chandran, Smitha Bal Raj, Sajeev Ravindran, Midhunshah Hussain, and Muhammed Rafeeq
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-23, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-23, 2018
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 8 comments)
28 May 2018
Wave energy dissipation in the mangrove vegetation off Mumbai, India
Samiksha S. Volvaiker, Ponnumony Vethamony, Prasad K. Bhaskaran, Premanand Pednekar, Mhamsa Jishad, and Arthur James
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-24, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-24, 2018
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
Short summary
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The primary aim of the study is to estimate wave energy attenuation by mangrove vegetation using SWAN model, and validate the model results with measurements for the Mumbai coastal region. Wave measurements presents wave height attenuation of the order of 52 %. Spectral analysis performed for the cases with and without vegetation very clearly portrays energy dissipation in the vegetation area. The model reproduced attenuation, ranging from 49 to 55 %, which matches well with the measured data.
07 May 2018
The impact of the planetary β-effect on the tilting vertical structure of
a mesoscale eddy
Shengmu Yang, Jiuxing Xing, Shengli Chen, Jiwei Tian, and Daoyi Chen
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-39, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-39, 2018
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 5 comments)
Short summary
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Motivated by the recent field observations of the eddy tilting structure in the South China Sea, a simple theoretical analysis and a numerical model (MITgcm) are used to investigate the mechanism of the vertical structure tilt of a mesoscale eddy on the β-plane. The model results correspond well with the theoretical analysis and the results indicate that the β-effect, nonlinear advection, and ocean stratification are important factors in controlling the vertical structure of a mesoscale eddy.
03 May 2018
Seasonal and synoptic variability of diurnal currents in an upwelling system off northern Chile near 30° S
Mónica Bello, Marcel Ramos, René Garreaud, Luis Bravo, and Martin Thiel
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-32, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-32, 2018
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 2 comments)
Short summary
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Here we present results of an intensive physical oceanography study near 30° S focused on the description of the seasonal and the synoptic variability of diurnal currents. The study, highlights the greatest variability of the diurnal currents which are highly influenced by the diurnal wind forcing, also modulated by a synoptic-scale circulation pattern. Our results show that the highest diurnal current variability suggesting a strong coupling between diurnal wind forcing and inertial oscillations.
02 Jan 2018
Seasonal and interannual (ENSO) climate variabilities and trends in the South China Sea over the last three decades
Violaine Piton and Thierry Delcroix
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-104, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-104, 2018
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 6 comments)
Short summary
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The South China Sea is the largest marginal sea in Southeast Asia, and the second busiest maritime route in the world. Its complex climate is influenced by a tropical and a subtropical climate, and by the four adjacent monsoon subsystems. We present a short overview of the long-term mean and variability of five Essential Climate Variables observed over the last 3 decades, including sea surface temperature, sea level, precipitation, surface wind and water discharge from the Mekong and Red Rivers.
22 Dec 2017
Seasonal variability of upwelling radiance polarization over the
Southern Baltic surface
Włodzimierz Freda
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-97, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-97, 2017
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
Short summary
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The paper presents the results of Monte Carlo simulations of polarization of light over sea surface.
These results are presented in form of polar plots that depicts the degree of polarization coming from the bottom hemisphere. The most important conclusion of my paper is that the value of maximum of degree of polarization is corelated with relative absorption coefficient of seawater. Such a correlation do not depend on wavelength or type of water. It depends on wind speed and sun position.
15 Dec 2017
Volume and temperature transports through the main Arctic Gateways: A comparative study between an ocean reanalysis and mooring-derived data
Marianne Pietschnig, Michael Mayer, Takamasa Tsubouchi, Andrea Storto, Sebastian Stichelberger, and Leopold Haimberger
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-98, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-98, 2017
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 10 comments)
Short summary
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New estimates of volume and temperature transports into the Arctic Ocean through the four major gateways (Davis, Fram and Bering Strait and the Barents Sea Opening) have recently become available. These estimates are derived from moored observations. In this study, the same transports derived from a recent ocean reanalysis are compared to the observation-based estimates in the straits. In addition, cross-section plots of velocity, temperature and temperature flux density are investigated.
16 Nov 2017
Characteristics of high monsoon wind-waves observed at multiple stations in the eastern Arabian Sea
M. M. Amrutha and V. Sanil Kumar
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-84, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-84, 2017
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 3 comments)
Short summary
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Surface wind-waves properties during Indian summer monsoon is investigated based on measured data at 9-15 m water depth at 4 sites in nearshore waters of the eastern Arabian Sea. Significant wave height varied from 0.7 to 5.5 m with average ratio of crest height of wave to height of the same wave as 0.58 to 0.67. Extreme crest height is 1.23 to 1.35 times significant wave height. Measured waves were predominantly swell. Numerical wave model could estimate the wave height well during wave growth.
24 Oct 2017
Rising bubbles as mechanism for scavenging and aerosolization of diatoms
Roman Marks, Ewa Górecka, Kevin Mc Cartney, and Wojciech Borkowski
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-82, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-82, 2017
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
Short summary
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Experiments indicated that cation-mediated electrostriction plays a principal role in bubble vorticity and related attraction/scavenge of bacteria and diatoms by rising bubbles in saline water. The mechanism is important for global matter cycling and related process of matter accumulation near the ocean surface. Massive and long-term bubble-cationic-rotational processing of matter in the oceanic water and in droplets suspended in air may likely incepted the bio-matter evolution on the Earth.
19 Oct 2017
In situ observations of infragravity wave directionality at nearshore
coastal sites
Takehiko Nose, Alexander Babanin, and Kevin Ewans
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-77, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-77, 2017
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
Short summary
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Using in situ measurements, we have obtained improved insights into infragravity (IG) wave heights' correlation with the wind waves, which are the forcing of IG waves. We have derived the qualitative directionality of IG wave field, also using in situ observations, and the qualitative physics were verified utilising an IG wave model.
IG wave directionality has not had much attention in the past, but the results show that directional characteristics should be considered to study this wave.
04 Sep 2017
Importance of vertical mixing and barrier layer variation on
seasonal mixed layer heat balance in the Bay of Bengal
Ullala Pathiranage Gayan Pathirana, Gengxin Chen, Tilak Priyadarshana, and Dongxiao Wang
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-67, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-67, 2017
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 8 comments)
Short summary
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Seasonal changes of the mixed layer heat storage in the BoB significantly contribute to the regional weather and climate by inducing air-sea interactions. Seasonality associated with vertical mixing and barrier layer indicates the seasonal response from the ocean in the BoB. This study will provide a significant contribution to further studies on air-sea interactions in the BoB, especially the role of vertical mixing and barrier layer variation during cyclone formation and intensification.
16 Aug 2017
About the origin of the Mediterranean Waters warming during the
twentieth century
María del Carmen García-Martínez, Manuel Vargas-Yáñez, Francina Moya, Patricia Zunino, and Begoña Bautista
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-50, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-50, 2017
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 5 comments)
Short summary
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The present work analyzes temperature and salinity data for the whole Mediterranean from MEDAR/MEDATLAS data base that have been merged with RADMED data (a monitoring program around Spanish Mediterranean waters).. Changes in the salt and heat contents are evaluated, and different hypotheses are checked by using a simple box model that considers heat and salt laws. The basin average temperature and salinity of the Mediterranean Waters have increased along the second half of the 20th century.
09 Aug 2017
Wave energy dissipation in the mangrove vegetation off Mumbai,
India
Samiksha S. Volvaiker, Ponnumony Vethamony, Prasad K. Bhaskaran, Premanand Pednekar, MHamsa Jishad, and Arthur James
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-49, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-49, 2017
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 3 comments)
01 Aug 2017
Definitive evidence of the Mediterranean Outflow
heterogeneity. Part 3: at the Strait of Gibraltar exit
Claude Millot and Mikhail Emelianov
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-54, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-54, 2017
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 7 comments)
Short summary
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The Mediterranean Sea transforms Atlantic Waters inflowing through the Strait of Gibraltar into Mediterranean Waters (MWs) that will finally exit the Sea and form the Mediterranean Outflow (MO). The MO has always been postulated to be homogeneous within the Strait and split into a series of veins due to interactions with the bathymetry at the Strait exit while we demonstrate that the MWs can be identified as MO components from the Strait entrance to the Strait exit, hence in the northern Ocean.
01 Aug 2017
Definitive evidence of the Mediterranean Outflow
heterogeneity. Part 2: all along the Strait of Gibraltar
Claude Millot
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-53, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-53, 2017
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 5 comments)
Short summary
Short summary
The Mediterranean Sea transforms Atlantic Waters inflowing through the Strait of Gibraltar into Mediterranean Waters (MWs) that will finally exit the Sea and form the Mediterranean Outflow (MO). The MO has always been postulated to be homogeneous within the Strait and split into a series of veins due to interactions with the bathymetry at the Strait exit while we demonstrate that the MWs can be identified as MO components from the Strait entrance to the Strait exit, hence in the northern Ocean.
01 Aug 2017
Definitive evidence of the Mediterranean Outflow
heterogeneity. Part 1: at the Strait of Gibraltar entrance
Claude Millot
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-52, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-52, 2017
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 5 comments)
Short summary
Short summary
The Mediterranean Sea transforms Atlantic Waters inflowing through the Strait of Gibraltar into Mediterranean Waters (MWs) that will finally exit the Sea and form the Mediterranean Outflow (MO). The MO has always been postulated to be homogeneous within the Strait and split into a series of veins due to interactions with the bathymetry at the Strait exit while we demonstrate that the MWs can be identified as MO components from the Strait entrance to the Strait exit, hence in the northern Ocean.
28 Jul 2017
Quantifying thermohaline circulations: seawater isotopic compositions and salinity as proxies of the ratio between advection time and evaporation time
Hadar Berman, Nathan Paldor, and Boaz Lazar
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-58, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-58, 2017
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
Short summary
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The paper develops a new non-dimensional parameter that quantifies the degree to which the surface flow in a given area is thermohaline. The proposed parameter can be easily estimated from cross sections of either salinity or isotopes of oxygen or hydrogen. The parameter was estimated from publicly available data in two areas and in both it has yielded estimates of the rates of evaporation that are consistent with previous detailed observational studies.
06 Jun 2017
Application of EnOI Assimilation in BCC_CSM1.1: Twin Experiments for Assimilating Sea Surface Data and T/S Profiles
Wei Zhou, Jinghui Li, Fang-Hua Xu, and Yeqiang Shu
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-31, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-31, 2017
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 3 comments)
Short summary
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we applied EnOI assimilation method with a global ocean model (MOM4.0) to estimate three-dimensional global ocean states when assimilating various variables, e.g., SST, SSH, SSS, and T/S profiles, in an idealized twin-experiment framework. The ocean surface currents in the tropics were better predicted when initial conditions produced by assimilating T/S profiles, while surface data assimilation became more important at higher latitudes, particularly near the western boundary currents.
30 May 2017
Relative dispersion in the South Western Mediterranean as derived from satellite-tracked surface drifting buoys
Maher Bouzaiene, Milena Menna, Pierre-Marie Poulain, and Dalila Elhmaidi
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-34, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-34, 2017
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 5 comments)
Short summary
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The South Western Mediterranean, connected to the Atlantic Ocean through the Strait of Gibraltar, is a study area useful to describe the interaction between the light Atlantic Water and the denser Mediterranean Water. The spreading of fluid particles, estimated through the analysis of drifter data, is dominated by large mesoscale eddies at short times and small separation distances, and by small mesoscale structures for scale ranging between 3 and 11 km.
29 May 2017
Non-hydrostatic effects in the Dead Sea
Oded Padon and Yosef Ashkenazy
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-29, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-29, 2017
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
Short summary
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The Dead Sea is the saltiest and lowest terminal lake in the world and it constitutes a unique environment-it is important from economic, environmental, and touristic points of view. Non-hydrostatic effects may significantly affect the Dead Sea circulation. Using a state-of-the-art ocean model we study the non-hydrostatic effects in the Dead Sea on the flow and show the such effects cannot be ignored. These effects are significant during the winter due to deep convection.
15 May 2017
Campbell Plateau: A major control on the SW Pacific sector of the
Southern Ocean circulation
Aitana Forcén-Vázquez, Michael J. M. Williams, Melissa Bowen, Lionel Carter, and Helen Bostock
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-36, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-36, 2017
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 3 comments)
15 May 2017
Mesoscale cascades and the conundrumof energy transfer from large to dissipation scales in an adiabatic ocean
Mikhail S. Dubovikov
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-23, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-23, 2017
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 6 comments)
Short summary
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We analyze notable
conundrumin the Ocean: How does the energy of the general circulation cascade from large climate scales to small ones where it is dissipated although down-scale kinetic energy (KE) flux in 2D is inhibited. Our mesoscale model shows that the large scale baroclinic instability at scales of Rossby radius generates eddy potential energy which cascades to small scales until at ones ~ 100 m it transforms partially into inverse KE cascade and 3D stratified turbulence dissipating KE.
28 Apr 2017
Seasonal to interannualvariability of Chlorophyll-a and sea surface temperature in the Yellow Sea using MODIS satellite datasets
Chunli Liu, Qiwei Sun, Sufen Wang, Qianguo Xing, Lixin Zhu, and Zhenlin Liang
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-11, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-11, 2017
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
12 Apr 2017
Feedback of mesoscale ocean currents on atmospheric winds in
high-resolution coupled models and implications for the forcing of
ocean-only models
Rafael Abel, Claus W. Böning, Richard J. Greatbatch, Helene T. Hewitt, and Malcolm J. Roberts
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-24, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2017-24, 2017
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 6 comments)
Short summary
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In coupled global atmosphere ocean models a feedback from ocean surface currents to atmospheric winds was found. Surface winds are energized by about 30 % of the ocean currents. We were able to implement this feedback in uncoupled ocean models which results in a realistic surface flux coupling. Due to changes in the dissipation the kinetic energy of the time-variable flow is increased up to 10 % when this feedback is implemented. Implementation in other models should be straightforward.
03 Feb 2017
Multivariate analysis of extreme storm surges in a semi-enclosed bay
Yao Luo, Hui Shi, and Dongxiao Wang
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-94, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-94, 2017
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 11 comments)
Short summary
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South China Sea is a hardest-hit area of typhoon, and there are server typhoons in Beibu Bay. Satellite data and ocean model are effective method now. But this will need lots of social resources. Our method is a feasible and economical method. Now lots of hydrological stations have long surge data in china. According to these history data, we can get an extreme surge relationship between two or more stations. Combining front stations data and the relationship, we can make advanced prediction.
16 Jan 2017
An Ensemble Observing System Simulation Experiment of Global
Ocean Heat Content Variability
Arin D. Nelson, Jeffrey B. Weiss, Baylor Fox-Kemper, Royce K. P. Zia, and Fabienne Gaillard
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-105, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-105, 2017
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 6 comments)
Short summary
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We quantify the skill in observing the variability of global upper ocean heat content (OHC) by applying the ISAS13 observing strategy to a CCSM simulation. We find that variability is unreliably observed before 2005, while observed annual running means for 2005–2013 correlate well with model "truth" to a median of 95 %. When scaled to the real ocean, we find signal-to-noise ratios of 1.9 for pre-Argo times (1990–2005) and 14.7 after Argo is introduced (2005–2013). The global warming is robust.
11 Jan 2017
Some aspects of the deep abyssal overflow between the middle and
southern basins of the Caspian Sea
Javad Babagoli Matikolaei, Abbas Ali AliAkbbari-Bidokhti, and Maryam Shiea
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-87, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-87, 2017
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 5 comments)
Short summary
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This study investigates the deep gravity current between the middle and southern Caspian Sea basins, caused by density difference of deep waters. The CTD data and the three-dimensional ocean model COHERENS results are used to study the abyssal currents in the southern basin of the Caspian Sea.The dynamical characteristics of this deep baroclinic flow are investigated with different initial and boundary conditions. The flow is trapped after the sill; thus, another simple dynamical model is used.
15 Nov 2016
Revisiting Tropical Instability Wave Variability in the Atlantic Ocean using SODA reanalysis
Hatsue Takanaca de Decco, Audalio Rebelo Torres Junior, Luciano Ponzi Pezzi, and Luiz Landau
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-84, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-84, 2016
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 9 comments)
Short summary
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Ocean atmosphere interactions (OAI) are important for climate modeling (e.g. IPCC scenarios). Atlantic tropical instability waves (TIWs) were studied, in recent years, using remote sensing data onto the ocean surface. In this work we analyse coupled ocean-atmosphere reanalysis model data, a state of art to understand the physics of the OAI. Our results are an important contribution to understanding the physics of OAI and the TIWs role while propagating in the surface layers of the ocean.
01 Nov 2016
Technical Note: Volume Transport Equations in Combined Sverdrup-Stommel-Munk Dynamics without Level of no Motion
Peter C. Chu
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-81, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-81, 2016
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 5 comments)
Short summary
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New volume transport equations are derived to remove the level of no-motion assumption. One forcing function (surface wind stress) in the classical transport equations (with level of no-motion) is replaced by five forcing functions: density, surface wind stress, bottom meridional current, bottom stresses due to vertical and horizontal viscosities. The density and surface wind stress are dominant using the world ocean bathymetry, climatological annual mean (T, S), and surface wind stress data.
20 Sep 2016
Tracking the Mediterranean Abyss
Simona Aracri, Katrin Schroeder, Jacopo Chiggiato, Harry Bryden, Elaine McDonagh, Simon Josey, Yann Hello, and Mireno Borghini
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-65, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-65, 2016
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 2 comments)
Short summary
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The abyssal velocity of the Northern Current, in the north-western Mediterranean has been estimated using for the first time MERMAIDs, i.e. submarine drifting instruments that record seismic waves. In this study the Northern Current shows an intense activity even in deep layers of the water column. Through pseudo-eulerian statistics different components of the observed variability are analysed and described, revealing the turbulent nature of the Liguro-Provençal basin abyssal circulation.
05 Sep 2016
Integration between X-Band Radar and Buoy Sea State Monitoring
Giovanni Ludeno, Ferdinando Reale, Francesco Raffa, Fabio Dentale, Francesco Soldovieri, Eugenio Pugliese Carratelli, and Francesco Serafino
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-53, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-53, 2016
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
Short summary
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The work involved the integration of buoy and radar data, as well as the simultaneous acquisition of Significant Wave Height (SWH) values from two similar radar sets located at a slight distance from each other. Good consistency and repeatability was reached between the two radars and the reliability was confirmed by the comparison with the buoy wave meter
Integration of different sensors is the key to a definite improvement of sea state monitoring for most coastal applications.
30 Aug 2016
Characteristics of Global Oceanic Rossby Wave and Mesoscale Eddies
Propagation from Multiple Datasets Analysis
Yunfan Zhang, Fenglin Tian, and Ge Chen
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-64, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-64, 2016
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 5 comments)
Short summary
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The oceanic rossby wave and mesoscale eddies are widely existed in oceans worldwide. They are closely related to our life as they would more or less affect local or global climate. We present this study to investigate the relationship between the waves and the eddies by using multiple datasets and low-pass filtering method. We have found that the Rossby wave may play an accelerative or moderative role in the eddy propagation, and the results will help us to further understand them.
22 Jul 2016
Comparison of the simulated upper-ocean vertical structure using
1-dimensional mixed-layer models
Sonaljit Mukherjee and Amit Tandon
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-45, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-45, 2016
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
07 Jul 2016
Evaluation of Peaks-Over-Threshold Method
Soheil Saeed Far and Ahmad Khairi Abd. Wahab
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-47, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-47, 2016
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 6 comments)
Short summary
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In this paper, two commonly used extreme value analysis models have been developed (POT and GPD models). Both models use threshold values to censor a range of data. The results of this study show the two models are very sensitive to any changes in threshold value. Moreover, the POT model has shown some imperfections in determining true threshold value and a best fitting distribution function. Two methods were proposed by this paper to deal with the limitations in order to improve the model.
01 Jul 2016
Glider Technology for Ocean Observations: A Review
David Meyer
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-40, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-40, 2016
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
Short summary
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This review covers a wide range of topics – from the history and the development of glider technology to its application in a variety of field studies regarding ocean sciences. It offers a comprehensive overview of both, the technical and the scientific dimension, facilitating a fast access to the world of glider. It was shown that glider can be used for very specific research tasks, as well as for common environmental monitoring purposes.
28 Jun 2016
Operational Assimilation of glider temperature and salinity in a mesoscale flow field: Eastern Mediterranean test case
Daniel R. Hayes, Srdjan Dobricic, and Hezi Gildor
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-43, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-43, 2016
Preprint retracted (discussion: closed, 2 comments)
Short summary
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This research has shown that it is possible to estimate ocean currents more accurately when using autonomous underwater glider observations of ocean temperature and salinity in conjunction with numerical ocean current models. This allows offshore activities to be more safely carried out, since currents can transport pollutants or disrupt operations in unpredictable ways. Using only models is not as reliable as using a merged result of observations and models, which can be done in near real time.
24 Jun 2016
Seasonal, Spring-Neap and Tidal Variation of Hydrodynamics and Water Constituents in the Mouth of the Elbe Estuary, Germany
Jens Kappenberg, Michael Berendt, Nino Ohle, Rolf Riethmüller, Dagmar Schuster, and Thomas Strotmann
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-7, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-7, 2016
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
30 May 2016
The implications of initial model drift for decadal climate predictability using EC-Earth
Andreas Sterl
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-27, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-27, 2016
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 5 comments)
Short summary
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Attempts at decadal climate predictions have largely failed so far. We here investigate two reasons. The first is the large drift occurring after initialization, and which masks the signal to be predicted, and the second is the fact that a sub-surface heat signal has to be connected to the surface to influence the atmosphere. However, vertical mixing in the ocean to expose a sub-surface anomaly to the surface depends on unpredictable atmospheric variability.
25 May 2016
Reduction of the 59-day error signal in the Mean Sea Level derived from TOPEX/Poseidon, Jason-1 and Jason-2 data with the latest FES and GOT ocean tide models
Lionel Zawadzki, Michaël Ablain, Loren Carrere, Richard D. Ray, Nikita P. Zelensky, Florent Lyard, Amandine Guillot, and Nicolas Picot
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-19, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-19, 2016
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 2 comments)
Short summary
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Mean sea level (MSL) is a prominent indicator of climatic change, and is therefore of great scientific and societal interest. Since the beginning of the altimeter mission TOPEX/Poseidon and its successors Jason-1 and Jason-2, MSL products became essential for climate applications. Since 1995, a suspicious signal is apparent in the corresponding MSL record. Since 2010, scientific teams have been working on reducing this error. This paper assesses, characterizes and quantifies this reduction.
23 May 2016
Wave model verification based on measurements in the Wadden Sea
Cordula Berkenbrink, Luise Hentze, and Andreas Wurpts
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-28, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-28, 2016
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 2 comments)
25 Apr 2016
Restoration of the Baltic Proper by decadal oxygenation of the deepwater
Anders Stigebrandt
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-17, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-17, 2016
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 6 comments)
Short summary
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Sediment core data reveal that the Baltic Proper has switched rapidly from eutrophic and oligotrophic state. Switches are connected to weakening of the vertical deepwater stratification caused by rarely occurring extended periods lacking large inflows of new deepwater. The internal phosphorus (P) source from anoxic bottoms is then shut off and the total P supply decreases drastically. A P budget model shows that the surface layer P concentration will decrease drastically.
21 Apr 2016
Seasonal and interannual variability of coccolithophore blooms in the North East-Atlantic Ocean from a 18-year time-series of satellite water-leaving radiance
Laurie Perrot, Francis Gohin, Diana Ruiz-Pino, and Luis Lampert
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-13, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-13, 2016
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
Short summary
Short summary
Coccolithophores are the main phytoplankton group producing calcite and are studied in regard of their potential feedbacks on climate change. This requires a better knowledge of the evolution of their blooms. Satellite data give us a large temporal and spatial view, and here we identify blooms from other materials such as mineral particles. On the shelf break in the North-East Atlantic, blooms are moving northwards during summer with a high seasonal and interannual variability.
12 Feb 2016
A harmonic projection and least–squares method for quantifying Kelvin wave activity
Andrew Delman, Janet Sprintall, Julie McClean, and Lynne Talley
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-1, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-1, 2016
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 6 comments)
Short summary
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Eastward-propagating Kelvin waves are important to the development of coupled climate modes such as El Niño and the Indian Ocean Dipole. The new decomposition method presented isolates the waves' signal from sea surface height variations. The Kelvin waves are tracked effectively even when superimposed with westward-propagating waves of higher amplitude in a noisy field. When applied to satellite data, the decomposition of eastward- and westward-propagating signals is consistent with theory.
03 Feb 2016
Total suspended matter derived from MERIS data as indicator for coastal processes in the Baltic Sea
D. Kyryliuk and S. Kratzer
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-2, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2016-2, 2016
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
20 Jan 2016
Statistical Analysis of Wave Energy Resources Available for Conversion at Natural Caves of Cape-Verde Islands
W. M. L. Monteiro, A. J. Sarmento, A. J. Fernandes, and J. M. Fernandes
Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2015-108, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2015-108, 2016
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 5 comments)
Short summary
Short summary
The results and conclusion about the wave climate achivied in this paper, constitute a very important information that provide a consistent basis for decision-making, relative to any project on the area of wave energy to be submitted for grant support in Cape Verde. These results will support to assess the participation of wave energy in the context of reducing dependence of Cape Verde on fossil fuels.
21 Dec 2015
Typhoon effect on Kuroshio and Green Island wake: a modelling study
T.-W. Hsu, M.-H. Chou, T.-H. Hou, and S.-J. Liang
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 12, 3199–3233, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-3199-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-3199-2015, 2015
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
13 Nov 2015
Multivariate extreme value analysis of storm surges in SCS on peak over threshold method
Y. Luo, D. Sui, H. Shi, Z. Zhou, and D. Wang
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 12, 2783–2805, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-2783-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-2783-2015, 2015
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
06 Nov 2015
The relationship between Arabian Sea upwelling and Indian monsoon revisited
X. Yi, B. Hünicke, N. Tim, and E. Zorita
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 12, 2683–2704, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-2683-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-2683-2015, 2015
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 5 comments)
Short summary
Short summary
In this paper, we use the vertical water mass transport data provided by a high-resolution global ocean simulation to study the western Arabian Sea coastal upwelling system. Our results show that: 1). no significant long-term trend is detected in the upwelling time series. 2). the impact of Indian summer monsoon on the simulated upwelling is weak. 3). the upwelling is strongly affected by the sea level pressure gradient and the air temperature gradient.
09 Sep 2015
Wind forcing and fate of Sardinella aurita eggs and larvae in the Sicily Channel (Mediterranean Sea)
M. Torri, R. Corrado, F. Falcini, A. Cuttitta, L. Palatella, G. Lacorata, B. Patti, M. Arculeo, S. Mazzola, and R. Santoleri
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 12, 2097–2121, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-2097-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-2097-2015, 2015
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
19 Aug 2015
A semi-analytical model for diffuse reflectance in marine and inland waters
J. D. Pravin, P. Shanmugam, and Y.-H. Ahn
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 12, 1893–1912, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-1893-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-1893-2015, 2015
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 5 comments)
10 Aug 2015
Technical Note: Medium-term morphodynamics in an unprotected sandy beach of the Adriatic Sea
M. Postacchini, L. Soldini, C. Lorenzoni, and A. Mancinelli
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 12, 1711–1728, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-1711-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-1711-2015, 2015
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 3 comments)
Short summary
Short summary
The characterization of bar geometry and dynamics in an unprotected sandy beach of the Middle Adriatic is here presented. Coupling of climate and bathymetric surveys suggests that time periods dominated by waves coming from NNE, i.e. almost perpendicular to the coast, promote seaward migration, partial destruction and smoothing of the submerged bars. Conversely, periods dominated by waves from ESE, i.e. angled w.r.t. shoreline, induce shoreward migration, regeneration and steepening of the bars.
03 Jul 2015
Influence of natural surfactants on short wind waves in the coastal Peruvian waters
D. Kiefhaber, C. J. Zappa, and B. Jähne
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 12, 1291–1325, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-1291-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-1291-2015, 2015
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 2 comments)
25 Jun 2015
Multi-objective entropy evolutionary algorithm for marine oil spill detection using cosmo-skymed satellite data
M. Marghany
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 12, 1263–1289, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-1263-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-1263-2015, 2015
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 6 comments)
Short summary
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This study has demonstrated work to optimize the oil spill footprint detection in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data. Therefore, Entropy-based Multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithm (E-MMGA) has implemented with COSMO-SkyMed data during the oil spill event along the coastal water of along Koh Samet island, Thailand. Besides, Pareto optimal solution is implemented with E-MMGA to minimize the difficulties of oil spill footprint boundary detection because of the existence of look-alike in SAR.
03 Jun 2015
Regime changes in global sea surface salinity trend
A. L. Aretxabaleta, K. W. Smith, and J. Ballabrera-Poy
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 12, 983–1011, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-983-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-983-2015, 2015
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
Short summary
Short summary
We estimate global surface salinity means and trends using historical (1950-2014) monthly fields and recent SMOS satellite data. We separate the regimes by fitting a Gaussian Mixture Model with a non-subjective method. There are three separate regimes: A (1950-1990) with small trends; B (1990-2009) with enhanced trends; and C (2009-2014) with significantly larger trends. The trend acceleration could be related to an enhanced hydrological cycle or to changes in sampling methodology.
01 Jun 2015
The open boundary equation
D. Diederen, H. H. G. Savenije, and M. Toffolon
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 12, 925–958, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-925-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-925-2015, 2015
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 12 comments)
22 May 2015
Sunda Shelf Seas: flushing rates and residence times
B. Mayer, T. Stacke, I. Stottmeister, and T. Pohlmann
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 12, 863–895, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-863-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-863-2015, 2015
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
Short summary
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The Indonesian Sunda Shelf (average depth 48 m) is subject to many physical and biogeochemical processes with a strong impact from human activities. For investigation of marine environmental water properties, it is important to know characteristic water exchange rates. With realistic computer model results, analytical flushing rates and tracer residence times were compared for different shelf regions. Only the latter give detailed 3D pictures with times of less than 30 days to more than 2 years.
17 Feb 2015
An estimate of the Sunda Shelf and the Strait of Malacca transports: a numerical study
F. Daryabor, A. A. Samah, S. H. Ooi, and S. N. Chenoli
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 12, 275–313, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-275-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-275-2015, 2015
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 3 comments)
27 Jan 2015
Atmosphere–ocean interactions in the Greenland Sea during solar cycles 23–24, 2002–2011
P. E. Binns
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 12, 103–134, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-103-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-103-2015, 2015
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 3 comments)
Short summary
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The recent period of exceptionally low solar activity has allowed a new approach to relating solar activity and climate. Analysis of daily sea surface temperature fields in the Greenland Sea from 2002-2011 shows that the day-to-day variability of the field during the solar low is significantly different, due to variability in the passage of weather systems. The influence of variations in the solar ultraviolet band acting in the stratosphere provides a credible mechanism for this difference.
21 Jan 2015
Sea surface height and mixed layer depth responses to sea surface temperature in northwestern Pacific subtropical front zone from spring to summer
C. Qiu, H. Kawamura, H. Mao, and J. Wu
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 12, 83–101, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-83-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-83-2015, 2015
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 9 comments)
Short summary
Short summary
We made match-up datasets of satellite sea surface temperature(SST), sea level anomaly(SLA),and in situ mixed layer depth(MLD). Variations of SLA and MLD across subtropical front were examined. The steric component of SLA dominant the seasonal variations of SLA. Correlation betwwen SLA and SST is 0.76. Negative correlation between MLD and SST provide a feasibility to retrieval MLD using surface parameters.
15 Dec 2014
Modelling origin and transport fate of waste materials on the south-eastern Adriatic coast (Croatia)
M. Tudor and I. Janeković
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 11, 2939–2969, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-11-2939-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-11-2939-2014, 2014
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
Short summary
Short summary
The south-eastern parts of the Adriatic Sea coastline were severely polluted by large amounts of accumulated waste material in the second half of November 2010. In the study we analysed meteorological and oceanographic conditions that lead to the waste deposition using available in situ measurements, remote sensing data as well numerical models of the ocean and the atmosphere.
12 Dec 2014
Global representation of tropical cyclone-induced ocean thermal changes using Argo data – Part 2: Estimating air–sea heat fluxes and ocean heat content changes
L. Cheng, J. Zhu, and R. L. Sriver
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 11, 2907–2937, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-11-2907-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-11-2907-2014, 2014
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 1 comment)
Short summary
Short summary
1. TCs are responsible for 1.87 PW (11.05 W/m2) of heat transfer annually from the global ocean to the atmosphere during storm passage (0-3 days) on a global scale. Of this total, 1.05±0.20 PW (4.80±0.85 W/m2) is caused by TS/TD and 0.82±0.21 PW (6.25±1.5 W/m2) is caused by hurricanes.
2.The net ocean heat uptake caused by all storms is 0.34 PW (4-20 days mean). Hurricanes induce 0.75±0.25 PW (5.98±2.1 W/m2) net heat gain, and TS/TD leads to 0.41±0.21 PW (1.90±0.96 W/m2) net heat loss.
08 Dec 2014
A robust method for removal of glint effects from satellite ocean colour imagery
R. K. Singh and P. Shanmugam
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 11, 2791–2829, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-11-2791-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-11-2791-2014, 2014
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 6 comments)
Short summary
Short summary
A novel glint correction algorithm is developed in this study which is capable of achieving meaningful retrievals of ocean radiances from the glint-contaminated pixels unless saturated by strong glint in any of the wavebands. When compared to the results of an existing model in the SeaDAS processing system, the new algorithm has the best performance in terms of yielding physically realistic water-leaving radiance spectra and improving the accuracy of the ocean colour products.
08 Dec 2014
A Monte Carlo simulation of multivariate general Pareto distribution and its application
L. Yao, W. Dongxiao, Z. Zhenwei, H. Weihong, and S. Hui
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 11, 2733–2753, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-11-2733-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-11-2733-2014, 2014
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
Short summary
Short summary
MPOT improves the efficiency of the extremes in raw data, and is superior to other methods (the annual maximum). But there are some difficulties (declustering, joint threshold, the resolution method of equation in high dimension) in application of MPOT. The paper shows all processes of analyzing the joint distribution of wind and wave in the South China Sea (SCS), and builds the solving method for MGPD by means of a Monte Carlo simulation.
29 Oct 2014
Technical Note: How long can seawater oxygen samples be stored before titration?
M. Lankhorst, G. Chavez, S. H. Nam, and U. Send
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 11, 2447–2459, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-11-2447-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-11-2447-2014, 2014
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 9 comments)
22 Jul 2014
Flow separation of intermediate water in the lees of sills off Taiwan from seismic observations
Q. S. Tang, L. T. Sun, J. B. Li, and C. S. Liu
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 11, 1871–1893, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-11-1871-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-11-1871-2014, 2014
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 8 comments)
06 Jun 2014
Numerical modelling of sediment transport in the Adriatic Sea
A. Guarnieri, A. J. Souza, N. Pinardi, and P. Traykovski
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 11, 1391–1433, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-11-1391-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-11-1391-2014, 2014
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 6 comments)
30 Apr 2014
The shallow meridional overturning circulation of the South China Sea
N. Zhang, J. Lan, and F. Cui
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 11, 1191–1212, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-11-1191-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-11-1191-2014, 2014
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 8 comments)
18 Mar 2014
One plausible reason for the change in ENSO characteristics in the 2000s
V. N. Stepanov
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 11, 943–978, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-11-943-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-11-943-2014, 2014
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 10 comments)
05 Mar 2014
Dynamics of turbulent western boundary currents at low latitude in a shallow water model
C. Q. C. Akuetevi and A. Wirth
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 11, 753–788, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-11-753-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-11-753-2014, 2014
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 3 comments)
03 Jan 2014
Possible signals of poleward surface ocean heat transport, of Arctic basal ice melt, and of the twentieth century solar maximum in the 1904-2012 Isle of Man daily timeseries
J. B. Matthews and J. B. R. Matthews
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 11, 47–122, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-11-47-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-11-47-2014, 2014
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 7 comments)
20 Dec 2013
Reconciling the north–south density difference scaling for the Meridional Overturning Circulation strength with geostrophy
A. A. Cimatoribus, S. Drijfhout, and H. A. Dijkstra
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 10, 2461–2479, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-10-2461-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-10-2461-2013, 2013
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 6 comments)
06 Dec 2013
Comparison of N. Atlantic heat storage estimates during the Argo period (1999–2010)
N. C. Wells, M. Couldrey, and V. O. Ivchenko
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 10, 2363–2398, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-10-2363-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-10-2363-2013, 2013
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
19 Nov 2013
Turbulent mixing in the seasonally-stratified western Irish Sea: a Thorpe Scale perspective
K. L. Stansfield, M. R. Palmer, T. P. Rippeth, and J. H. Simpson
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 10, 2141–2155, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-10-2141-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-10-2141-2013, 2013
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 2 comments)
01 Jul 2013
One plausible reason for the change in ENSO characteristics in the 2000s
V. N. Stepanov
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 10, 951–984, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-10-951-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-10-951-2013, 2013
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
13 Jun 2013
Hydrodynamic variability based on the multi-parametric POSEIDON Pylos observatory of the south Ionian Sea
D. Kassis, K. Nittis, and L. Perivoliotis
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 10, 883–921, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-10-883-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-10-883-2013, 2013
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 3 comments)
15 Mar 2013
Coupling of eastern and western subpolar North Atlantic: salt transport in the Irminger Current
A. Born, T. F. Stocker, and A. B. Sandø
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 10, 555–579, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-10-555-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-10-555-2013, 2013
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 5 comments)
11 Jan 2013
Eddy measurements, coastal turbulence and statistics in the gulf of Lions
J. M. Redondo, A. Matulka, A. Platonov, E. Sekula, and P. Fraunie
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 10, 55–81, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-10-55-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-10-55-2013, 2013
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 3 comments)
12 Nov 2012
Assymmetric eddy populations in adjacent basins – a high resolution numerical study of the Tyrrhenian and Ligurian Seas
R. M. A. Caldeira, X. Couvelard, E. Casella, and A. Vetrano
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 9, 3521–3566, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-9-3521-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-9-3521-2012, 2012
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 5 comments)
06 Nov 2012
A modelling study of the hydrographic structure of the Ross Sea
M. Tonelli, I. Wainer, and E. Curchitser
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 9, 3431–3449, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-9-3431-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-9-3431-2012, 2012
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 6 comments)
15 Oct 2012
A discussion on the use of X-band SAR images in marine applications
D. Schiavulli, A. Sorrentino, and M. Migliaccio
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 9, 3239–3249, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-9-3239-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-9-3239-2012, 2012
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 6 comments)
17 Sep 2012
Fine-scale features on the sea surface in SAR satellite imagery – Part 1: Simultaneous in-situ measurements
A. Soloviev, C. Maingot, S. Matt, R. E. Dodge, S. Lehner, D. Velotto, S. Brusch, W. Perrie, and E. Hochberg
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 9, 2885–2914, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-9-2885-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-9-2885-2012, 2012
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
13 Sep 2012
Measurement of turbulence in the oceanic mixed layer using Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR)
S. G. George and A. R. L. Tatnall
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 9, 2851–2883, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-9-2851-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-9-2851-2012, 2012
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 3 comments)
19 Jul 2012
Sea level variability in the Arctic Ocean observed by satellite altimetry
P. Prandi, M. Ablain, A. Cazenave, and N. Picot
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 9, 2375–2401, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-9-2375-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-9-2375-2012, 2012
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
16 May 2012
Modeling long-term changes of the Black Sea ecosystem characteristics
V. L. Dorofeyev, T. Oguz, L. I. Sukhikh, V. V. Knysh, A. I. Kubryakov, and G. K. Korotaev
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 9, 2039–2080, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-9-2039-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-9-2039-2012, 2012
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
24 Apr 2012
Temporal and spatial distribution of the meiobenthic community in Daya Bay, South China Sea
L. Tang, H. X. Li, and Y. Yan
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 9, 1853–1885, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-9-1853-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-9-1853-2012, 2012
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 3 comments)
20 Apr 2012
Operational evaluation of the Mediterranean Monitoring and Forecasting Centre products: implementation and results
M. Tonani, J. A. U. Nilsson, V. Lyubartsev, A. Grandi, A. Aydogdu, J. Azzopardi, G. Bolzon, A. Bruschi, A. Drago, T. Garau, J. Gatti, I. Gertman, R. Goldman, D. Hayes, G. Korres, P. Lorente, V. Malacic, A. Mantziafou, G. Nardone, A. Olita, E. Ozsoy, I. Pairaud, S. Pensieri, L. Perivoliotis, B. Petelin, M. Ravaioli, L. Renault, S. Sofianos, M. G. Sotillo, A. Teruzzi, and G. Zodiatis
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 9, 1813–1851, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-9-1813-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-9-1813-2012, 2012
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 2 comments)
30 Mar 2012
Chl a trends in European seas estimated using ocean-colour products
G. Coppini, V. Lyubarstev, N. Pinardi, S. Colella, R. Santoleri, and T. Christiansen
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 9, 1481–1518, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-9-1481-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-9-1481-2012, 2012
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 6 comments)
10 Feb 2012
Interannual response of global ocean hindcasts to a satellite-based correction of precipitation fluxes
A. Storto, I. Russo, and S. Masina
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 9, 611–648, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-9-611-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-9-611-2012, 2012
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 8 comments)
09 Feb 2012
NEMO on the shelf: assessment of the Iberia–Biscay–Ireland configuration
C. Maraldi, J. Chanut, B. Levier, G. Reffray, N. Ayoub, P. De Mey, F. Lyard, S. Cailleau, M. Drévillon, E. A. Fanjul, M. G. Sotillo, P. Marsaleix, and the Mercator Team
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 9, 499–583, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-9-499-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-9-499-2012, 2012
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 3 comments)
31 Jan 2012
Model study on horizontal variability of nutrient N/P ratio in the Baltic Sea and its impacts on primary production, nitrogen fixation and nutrient limitation
Z. Wan, H. Bi, J. She, M. Maar, and L. Jonasson
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 9, 385–419, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-9-385-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-9-385-2012, 2012
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 5 comments)
24 Jan 2012
First evaluation of MyOcean altimetric data in the Arctic Ocean
Y. Cheng, O. B. Andersen, and P. Knudsen
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 9, 291–314, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-9-291-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-9-291-2012, 2012
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 5 comments)
18 Jan 2012
On the Atlantic cold tongue mode and the role of the Pacific ENSO
R. A. F. De Almeida and P. Nobre
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 9, 163–185, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-9-163-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-9-163-2012, 2012
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 2 comments)
04 Jan 2012
Interannual coherent variability of SSTA and SSHA in the Tropical Indian Ocean
J. Q. Feng
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 9, 1–24, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-9-1-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-9-1-2012, 2012
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 3 comments)
29 Aug 2011
Numerical modeling of dynamics of Russian south waters within the framework of operational oceanography tasks
A. V. Grigoriev, A. G. Zatsepin, V. A. Kubryakov, I. V. Charikov, and L. D. Fedotova
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 8, 1865–1890, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-8-1865-2011, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-8-1865-2011, 2011
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
11 Jul 2011
Contribution of the Black Sea observing system to ECOOP
G. K. Korotaev, V. L. Dorofeev, S. V. Motyzhev, V. N. Belokopytov, A. Palazov, V. Malciu, A. Zatsepin, E. Nesterov, S. V. Stanichny, Y. B. Ratner, V. S. Suetin, and V. V. Suslin
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 8, 1695–1722, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-8-1695-2011, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-8-1695-2011, 2011
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 3 comments)
07 Jul 2011
Estimating suspended sediment concentrations using a broadband ADCP in Mahshahr tidal channel
P. Ghaffari, J. Azizpour, M. Noranian, V. Chegini, V. Tavakoli, and M. Shah-Hosseini
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 8, 1601–1630, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-8-1601-2011, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-8-1601-2011, 2011
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 2 comments)
14 Jun 2011
Calculating the water and heat balances of the Eastern Mediterranean basin using ocean modelling and available meteorological, hydrological, and ocean data
M. Shaltout and A. Omstedt
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 8, 1301–1338, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-8-1301-2011, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-8-1301-2011, 2011
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 5 comments)
30 Mar 2011
Numerical modelling of POC yearly dynamics in the southern Baltic under variable scenarios of nutrients, light and temperature
L. Dzierzbicka-Glowacka, K. Kuliński, A. Maciejewska, J. Jakacki, and J. Pempkowiak
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 8, 675–700, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-8-675-2011, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-8-675-2011, 2011
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 7 comments)
30 Mar 2011
Quality control of automated hyperspectral remote sensing measurements from a seaborne platform
S. P. Garaba, M. R. Wernand, and O. Zielinski
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 8, 613–638, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-8-613-2011, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-8-613-2011, 2011
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 5 comments)
18 Mar 2011
Influence of climate parameters on long-term variations of the distribution of phytoplankton biomass and nutrient concentration in the Baltic Sea simulated by a 3-D model
L. Dzierzbicka-Głowacka, J. Piskozub, J. Jakacki, M. Janecki, and A. Nowicki
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 8, 533–564, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-8-533-2011, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-8-533-2011, 2011
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 3 comments)
28 Feb 2011
A study on distribution of chlorophyll-a in the coastal waters of Anzali Port, south Caspian Sea
S. Jamshidi and N. Bin Abu Bakar
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 8, 435–451, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-8-435-2011, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-8-435-2011, 2011
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 11 comments)
02 Feb 2011
Empirical correction of XBT fall rate and its impact on heat content analysis
M. Hamon, P. Y. Le Traon, and G. Reverdin
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 8, 291–320, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-8-291-2011, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-8-291-2011, 2011
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 6 comments)
18 Jan 2011
New constraints on the Eastern Mediterranean δ18O:δD relationship
K. A. Cox, E. J. Rohling, G. A. Schmidt, R. Schiebel, S. Bacon, D. A. Winter, M. Bolshaw, and H. J. Spero
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 8, 39–53, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-8-39-2011, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-8-39-2011, 2011
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
30 Nov 2010
Water masses and zonal current in the Western Tropical Atlantic in October 2007 and January 2008 (AMANDES project)
A. C. Silva, M. Grenier, R. Chuchla, J. Grelet, F. Roubaud, B. Hamelin, F. Lyard, and C. Jeandel
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 7, 1953–1976, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-7-1953-2010, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-7-1953-2010, 2010
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 6 comments)
14 Oct 2010
Optical remote sensing of the Gulf of Gabès – relation between turbidity, Secchi depth and total suspended matter
R. Katlane Essersi, B. Nechad, K. Ruddick, and F. Zargouni
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 7, 1767–1783, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-7-1767-2010, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-7-1767-2010, 2010
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 7 comments)
17 Aug 2010
The influence of temperature and salinity variability on the upper ocean density and mixed layer
R. W. Helber, J. G. Richman, and C. N. Barron
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 7, 1469–1495, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-7-1469-2010, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-7-1469-2010, 2010
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 3 comments)
12 Jul 2010
Mixed layer sub-mesoscale parameterization – Part 2: Results for coarse resolution OGCMs
V. M. Canuto and M. S. Dubovikov
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 7, 1289–1302, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-7-1289-2010, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-7-1289-2010, 2010
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
29 Apr 2010
Mixed layer mesoscales: a parameterization for OGCMs
V. M. Canuto, M. S. Dubovikov, M. Luneva, C. A. Clayson, and A. Leboissetier
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 7, 873–917, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-7-873-2010, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-7-873-2010, 2010
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
24 Mar 2010
Rapid subduction in the deep North Western Mediterranean
J. A. Aguilar, A. Albert, M. Anghinolfi, G. Anton, S. Anvar, M. Ardid, A. C. Assis Jesus, T. Astraatmadja, J.-J. Aubert, R. Auer, B. Baret, S. Basa, M. Bazzotti, V. Bertin, S. Biagi, C. Bigongiari, M. Bou-Cabo, M. C. Bouwhuis, A. Brown, J. Brunner, J. Busto, F. Camarena, A. Capone, G. Carminati, J. Carr, D. Castel, E. Castorina, V. Cavasinni, S. Cecchini, Ph. Charvis, T. Chiarusi, M. Circella, R. Coniglione, H. Costantini, N. Cottini, P. Coyle, C. Curtil, G. De Bonis, M. P. Decowski, I. Dekeyser, A. Deschamps, C. Distefano, C. Donzaud, D. Dornic, D. Drouhin, T. Eberl, U. Emanuele, J.-P. Ernenwein, S. Escoffier, F. Fehr, V. Flaminio, K. Fratini, U. Fritsch, J.-L. Fuda, G. Giacomelli, J. P. Gómez-González, K. Graf, G. Guillard, G. Halladjian, G. Hallewell, H. van Haren, A. J. Heijboer, Y. Hello, J. J. Hernández-Rey, J. Hößl, M. de Jong, N. Kalantar-Nayestanaki, O. Kalekin, A. Kappes, U. Katz, P. Kooijman, C. Kopper, A. Kouchner, W. Kretschmer, R. Lahmann, P. Lamare, G. Lambard, G. Larosa, H. Laschinsky, D. Lefèvre, G. Lelaizant, G. Lim, D. Lo Presti, H. Loehner, S. Loucatos, F. Lucarelli, K. Lyons, S. Mangano, M. Marcelin, A. Margiotta, J. A. Martinez-Mora, G. Maurin, A. Mazure, M. Melissas, T. Montaruli, M. Morganti, L. Moscoso, H. Motz, C. Naumann, M. Neff, R. Ostasch, G. Palioselitis, G. E. Păvălaş, P. Payre, J. Petrovic, P. Piattelli, N. Picot-Clemente, C. Picq, R. Pillet, V. Popa, T. Pradier, E. Presani, C. Racca, A. Radu, C. Reed, G. Riccobene, C. Richardt, M. Rujoiu, G. V. Russo, F. Salesa, F. Schoeck, J.-P. Schuller, R. Shanidze, F. Simeone, M. Spurio, J. J. M. Steijger, Th. Stolarczyk, C. Tamburini, L. Tasca, I. Taupier-Letage, S. Toscano, B. Vallage, V. Van Elewyck, M. Vecchi, P. Vernin, G. Wijnker, E. de Wolf, H. Yepes, D. Zaborov, J. D. Zornoza, and J. Zúñiga
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 7, 739–756, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-7-739-2010, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-7-739-2010, 2010
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
02 Feb 2010
Wind forcing effects on coastal circulation and eddy formation around a cape
P. De Gaetano, M. Burlando, A. M. Doglioli, and A. A. Petrenko
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 7, 207–249, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-7-207-2010, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-7-207-2010, 2010
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 5 comments)
18 Jan 2010
Operational oceanography in support to indicator reporting
J. A. Johannessen, G. Coppini, F. Soulat, and G. Larnicol
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 7, 121–141, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-7-121-2010, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-7-121-2010, 2010
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 2 comments)
10 Dec 2009
Editorial Note
W. J. Jenkins, J. Johnson, and E. Delhez
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 6, 3055–3056, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-6-3055-2009, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-6-3055-2009, 2009
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 0 comments)
11 Nov 2009
Adding nitrate and phosphate separately or together in the Central Indian Ocean: a nutrient enrichment experiment
S. Tang, L. Jiang, and Z. J. Wu
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 6, 2649–2666, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-6-2649-2009, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-6-2649-2009, 2009
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 5 comments)
29 Oct 2009
Modal composition of the central water in the North Atlantic subtropical gyre
A. Cianca, R. Santana, J. P. Marrero, M. J. Rueda, and O. Llinás
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 6, 2487–2506, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-6-2487-2009, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-6-2487-2009, 2009
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 3 comments)
11 Sep 2009
Upper Labrador Sea Water in the Irminger Sea during a weak convection period (2002–2006)
E. Louarn, H. Mercier, P. Morin, E. de Boisseson, and S. Bacon
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 6, 2085–2113, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-6-2085-2009, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-6-2085-2009, 2009
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 3 comments)
31 Aug 2009
An operational implementation of the GHER model for the Black Sea, with SST and CTD data assimilation
L. Vandenbulcke, A. Capet, J. M. Beckers, M. Grégoire, and S. Besiktepe
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 6, 1895–1911, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-6-1895-2009, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-6-1895-2009, 2009
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 3 comments)
11 Aug 2009
Subsurface primary production in the western subtropical North Pacific as evidence of large diapycnal diffusivity associated with the Subtropical Mode Water
C. Sukigara, T. Suga, T. Saino, K. Toyama, D. Yanagimoto, K. Hanawa, and N. Shikama
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 6, 1717–1734, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-6-1717-2009, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-6-1717-2009, 2009
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 8 comments)
08 Jul 2009
Modelling approach to the assessment of biogenic fluxes at a selected Ross Sea site, Antarctica
M. Vichi, A. Coluccelli, M. Ravaioli, F. Giglio, L. Langone, M. Azzaro, F. Azzaro, R. La Ferla, G. Catalano, and S. Cozzi
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 6, 1477–1512, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-6-1477-2009, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-6-1477-2009, 2009
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
29 Apr 2009
Observing using sound and light – a short review of underwater acoustic and video-based methods
P. Jonsson, I. Sillitoe, B. Dushaw, J. Nystuen, and J. Heltne
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 6, 819–870, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-6-819-2009, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-6-819-2009, 2009
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 3 comments)
09 Jun 2008
North Indian Ocean variability during the Indian Ocean dipole
J. Brown, C. A. Clayson, L. Kantha, and T. Rojsiraphisal
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 5, 213–253, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-5-213-2008, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-5-213-2008, 2008
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 2 comments)
28 May 2008
Joint effect of the western and eastern Pacific warm pools on ENSO cycle
Q. Qi, Y. Hou, Q. Zhang, and T. Yan
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 5, 163–185, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-5-163-2008, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-5-163-2008, 2008
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 6 comments)
21 Apr 2008
Coastal upwelling along the southwest coast of India – ENSO modulation
K. Muni Krishna, V. Kovačević, and M. Gačić
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 5, 123–134, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-5-123-2008, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-5-123-2008, 2008
Preprint retracted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
27 Nov 2007
On available energy in the ocean and its application to the Barents Sea
R. C. Levine and D. J. Webb
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 4, 897–931, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-4-897-2007, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-4-897-2007, 2007
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 7 comments)
06 Sep 2007
Technical Note: Is radiation important for the high amplitude variability of the MOC in the North Atlantic?
D. Nof and L. Yu
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 4, 699–707, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-4-699-2007, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-4-699-2007, 2007
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 6 comments)
17 Jul 2007
Altimetric sampling and mapping procedures induce spatial and temporal aliasing of the signal – characteristics of these aliasing effects in the Mediterranean Sea
M.-I. Pujol, G. Larnicol, G. Dibarboure, and F. Briol
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 4, 571–622, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-4-571-2007, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-4-571-2007, 2007
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
26 Apr 2007
LIDAR vs. GEODAS land elevation data in hurricane induced inundation modelling
M. Peng, L. J. Pietrafesa, S. Bao, H. Liu, M. Xia, and T. Yan
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 4, 399–414, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-4-399-2007, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-4-399-2007, 2007
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
27 Feb 2007
15N enrichment in the surface Particulate Organic Nitrogen of the north-eastern Arabian Sea from the middle to the waning phase of the winter monsoon: possible causes
S. Kumar and R. Ramesh
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 4, 245–264, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-4-245-2007, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-4-245-2007, 2007
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
31 Jan 2007
Climatological mean distribution of specific entropy in the oceans
Z. Gan, Y. Yan, and Y. Qi
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 4, 129–144, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-4-129-2007, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-4-129-2007, 2007
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 5 comments)
15 Jan 2007
Sea surface salinity variability from a simplified mixed layer model of the global ocean
S. Michel, B. Chapron, J. Tournadre, and N. Reul
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 4, 41–106, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-4-41-2007, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-4-41-2007, 2007
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 7 comments)
03 Jan 2007
Empirical reconstruction of salinity from temperature profiles with phenomenological constraints
F. Reseghetti
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 4, 1–39, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-4-1-2007, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-4-1-2007, 2007
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
18 Dec 2006
Assessment of one year of high-resolution operational forecasts for the southeastern Mediterranean shelf region in the MFSTEP project
S. Brenner, A. Murashkovsky, and I. Gertman
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 3, 2059–2085, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-3-2059-2006, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-3-2059-2006, 2006
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 2 comments)
08 Nov 2006
Validation and intercomparison of two vertical-mixing schemes in the Mediterranean Sea
V. Fernández, L. Umlauf, S. Dobricic, H. Burchard, and N. Pinardi
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 3, 1945–1976, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-3-1945-2006, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-3-1945-2006, 2006
Revised manuscript not accepted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
24 Oct 2006
CAMCAT: an oil spill forecasting system for the Catalan-Balearic Sea based on the MFS products
E. Comerma, M. Espino, M. Salazar, F. Jerez, R. Madrigal, and A. S. Arcilla
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 3, 1791–1823, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-3-1791-2006, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-3-1791-2006, 2006
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 2 comments)
06 Oct 2006
Interannual variability and future projection of summertime ocean wave heights in the western North Pacific
W. Sasaki, T. Hibiya, and T. Kayahara
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 3, 1637–1651, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-3-1637-2006, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-3-1637-2006, 2006
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 2 comments)
04 Oct 2006
Integration of a relocatable ocean model in the Mediterranean Forecasting System
A. Russo and A. Coluccelli
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 3, 1609–1621, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-3-1609-2006, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-3-1609-2006, 2006
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 2 comments)
11 Sep 2006
Forecasting circulation in the Cilician Basin of the Levantine Sea
E. Özsoy and A. Sözer
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 3, 1481–1514, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-3-1481-2006, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-3-1481-2006, 2006
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 2 comments)
08 Aug 2006
Nesting operational forecasting models in the Eastern Mediterranean: active and slave mode
S.S. Sofianos, N. Skliris, A. Mantziafou, A. Lascaratos, G. Zodiatis, R. Lardner, D. Hayes, and G. Georgiou
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 3, 1225–1254, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-3-1225-2006, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-3-1225-2006, 2006
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
25 Jul 2006
Distribution and transport processes of marine particulate matter off Cape Blanc (NW-Africa): results from vertical camera profiles
N. Nowald, G. Karakas, V. Ratmeyer, G. Fischer, R. Schlitzer, R. A. Davenport, and G. Wefer
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 3, 903–938, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-3-903-2006, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-3-903-2006, 2006
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 2 comments)
28 Jun 2006
Central Mediterranean Sea forecast: effects of high-resolution atmospheric forcings
S. Natale, R. Sorgente, S. Gaberšek, A. Ribotti, and A. Olita
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 3, 637–669, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-3-637-2006, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-3-637-2006, 2006
Preprint withdrawn (discussion: closed, 3 comments)
08 Jun 2006
High-resolution nested model for the Lebanese coastal area, Eastern Mediterranean: implementation and climatological runs
N. Kabbara, R. Sorgente, S. Natale, D. R. Hayes, and G. Zodiatis
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 3, 373–396, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-3-373-2006, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-3-373-2006, 2006
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
17 May 2006
Interannual variations of water mass properties and volumes in the Southern Ocean
M. Tomczak and S. Liefrink
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 3, 199–219, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-3-199-2006, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-3-199-2006, 2006
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 3 comments)
25 Nov 2005
The wind-driven overturning circulation of the World Ocean
K. Döös
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 2, 473–505, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-2-473-2005, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-2-473-2005, 2005
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 2 comments)
11 Apr 2005
Western Iberian winter wind indices based on significant wind events
E. Mason, A. M. P. Santos, and Á J. Peliz
Ocean Sci. Discuss., 2, 105–127, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-2-105-2005, https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-2-105-2005, 2005
Revised manuscript has not been submitted (discussion: closed, 3 comments)